Contents
About
Acknowledgments
Credits
Documentation
Software
Support Groups
Acknowledgments
Using This Book
Overview
Organization
Typographical Conventions
Conventions for Examples
Accessing the SAS/QC Sample Library
Online Documentation
What’s New in SAS/QC
Overview
ADX Interface for Design of Experiments
CAPABILITY Procedure
FACTEX Procedure
References
Components of SAS/QC Software
Overview
ADX Interface for Design of Experiments
SQC Menu System for Statistical Quality Control
Procedures for Design of Experiments
Procedures for Control Chart Analysis
Procedure for Process Capability Analysis
Procedures for Basic Quality Problem Solving
Procedure for Reliability Analysis
Procedure for Analysis of Means
SAS/QC Graphics
Overview
Which Graphics Approach Should You Use?
Traditional Graphics
ODS Graphics
Legacy Line Printer Displays
The ANOM Procedure
PROC ANOM and General Statements
Overview
Uses of Analysis of Means
Terminology
History
Using the ANOM Procedure
Syntax Overview for the ANOM Procedure
BY and ID Statements
Graphical Enhancement Statements
Syntax for the PROC ANOM Statement
BOXCHART Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating ANOM Boxcharts from Response Values
Creating ANOM Boxcharts from Group Summary Data
Saving Summary Statistics for Groups
Saving Decision Limits
Syntax
Summary of Options
Details
Constructing ANOM Boxcharts
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
Input Data Sets
Axis Labels
Missing Values
Examples
ANOM Boxcharts with Unequal Group Sizes
PCHART Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating ANOM Charts for Proportions from Group Counts
Creating ANOM Charts for Proportions from Group Summary Data
Saving Group Proportions
Saving Decision Limits
Syntax
Summary of Options
Details
Constructing ANOM Charts for Proportions
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
Input Data Sets
Axis Labels
Missing Values
Examples
ANOM p Charts with Angled Axis Labels
UCHART Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating ANOM Charts for Rates from Group Counts
Saving Decision Limits
Syntax
Summary of Options
Details
Constructing ANOM Charts for Rates
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
Input Data Sets
Axis Labels
Missing Values
Examples
ANOM u Charts with Angled Axis Labels
XCHART Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating ANOM Charts for Means from Response Values
Creating ANOM Charts for Means from Group Summary Data
Saving Summary Statistics for Groups
Saving Decision Limits
Syntax
Summary of Options
Details
Constructing ANOM Charts for Means
Constructing ANOM Charts for Two-Way Layouts
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
Input Data Sets
Axis Labels
Missing Values
Examples
ANOM Charts with Unequal Group Sizes
ANOM for a Two-Way Classification
ANOM Charts Using LIMITS= Data Set
ANOM for Cell Means in Presence of Interaction
INSET Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Displaying Summary Statistics on an ANOM Chart
Formatting Values and Customizing Labels
Adding a Header and Positioning the Inset
Syntax
Summary of INSET Keywords
Summary of Options
Dictionary of Options
Details
Positioning the Inset Using Compass Points
Positioning the Inset in the Margins
Positioning the Inset Using Coordinates
Dictionary of ANOM Chart Statement Options
References
The CAPABILITY Procedure
Introduction
Learning about the CAPABILITY Procedure
PROC CAPABILITY and General Statements
Overview
Getting Started
Computing Descriptive Statistics
Computing Capability Indices
Syntax Overview for the CAPABILITY Procedure
BY, FREQ, WEIGHT, and ID Statements
Graphical Enhancement Statements
Syntax for the PROC CAPABILITY Statement
Summary of Options
Dictionary of Options
Syntax for the CLASS Statement
Syntax for the SPEC Statement
Summary of Options
Dictionary of Options
Details
Input Data Sets
Output Data Set
Descriptive Statistics
Signed Rank Statistic
Tests for Normality
Percentile Computations
Robust Estimators
Computing the Mode
Assumptions and Terminology for Capability Indices
Standard Capability Indices
Specialized Capability Indices
Missing Values
ODS Tables
Examples
Reading Specification Limits
Enhancing Reference Lines
Displaying a Confidence Interval for Cpk
CDFPLOT Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating a Cumulative Distribution Plot
Syntax
Summary of Options
Dictionary of Options
Details
ODS Graphics
Examples
Fitting a Normal Distribution
Using Reference Lines with CDF Plots
COMPHISTOGRAM Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating a One-Way Comparative Histogram
Adding Fitted Normal Curves to a Comparative Histogram
Syntax
Summary of Options
Dictionary of Options
Details
ODS Graphics
Examples
Adding Insets with Descriptive Statistics
Creating a Two-Way Comparative Histogram
HISTOGRAM Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating a Histogram with Specification Limits
Adding a Normal Curve to the Histogram
Customizing a Histogram
Syntax
Summary of Options
Dictionary of Options
Details
Formulas for Fitted Curves
Kernel Density Estimates
Printed Output
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
SYMBOL and PATTERN Statement Options
Examples
Fitting a Beta Curve
Fitting Lognormal, Weibull, and Gamma Curves
Comparing Goodness-of-Fit Tests
Computing Capability Indices for Nonnormal Distributions
Computing Kernel Density Estimates
Fitting a Three-Parameter Lognormal Curve
Annotating a Folded Normal Curve
INSET Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Displaying Summary Statistics on a Histogram
Formatting Values and Customizing Labels
Adding a Header and Positioning the Inset
Syntax
Summary of INSET Keywords
Summary of Options
Dictionary of Options
Details
Positioning the Inset Using Compass Points
Positioning the Inset in the Margins
Positioning the Inset Using Coordinates
Examples
Inset for Goodness-of-Fit Statistics
Inset for Areas Under a Fitted Curve
INTERVALS Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Computing Statistical Intervals
Computing One-Sided Lower Prediction Limits
Syntax
Summary of Options
Dictionary of Options
Details
Methods for Computing Statistical Intervals
OUTINTERVALS= Data Set
ODS Tables
OUTPUT Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Saving Summary Statistics in an Output Data Set
Saving Percentiles in an Output Data Set
Syntax
Summary of Keywords
Details
OUT= Data Set
Examples
Computing Nonstandard Capability Indices
Approximate Confidence Limits for Cpk
PPPLOT Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating a Normal Probability-Probability Plot
Syntax
Summary of Options
Dictionary of Options
Details
Construction and Interpretation of P-P Plots
Comparison of P-P Plots and Q-Q Plots
Summary of Theoretical Distributions
Specification of Symbol Markers
Specification of the Distribution Reference Line
ODS Graphics
PROBPLOT Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating a Normal Probability Plot
Creating Lognormal Probability Plots
Syntax
Summary of Options
Dictionary of Options
Details
Summary of Theoretical Distributions
SYMBOL Statement Options
ODS Graphics
Examples
Displaying a Normal Reference Line
Displaying a Lognormal Reference Line
QQPLOT Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating a Normal Quantile-Quantile Plot
Adding a Distribution Reference Line
Syntax
Summary of Options
Dictionary of Options
Details
Construction of Quantile-Quantile and Probability Plots
Interpretation of Quantile-Quantile and Probability Plots
Summary of Theoretical Distributions
Graphical Estimation
SYMBOL Statement Options
ODS Graphics
Examples
Interpreting a Normal Q-Q Plot of Nonnormal Data
Estimating Parameters from Lognormal Plots
Comparing Weibull Q-Q Plots
Estimating Cpk from a Normal Q-Q Plot
Dictionary of Common Options
References
The CUSUM Procedure
Introduction
Learning about the CUSUM Procedure
PROC CUSUM Statement
Overview
Syntax
Input and Output Data Sets
XCHART Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating a V-Mask Cusum Chart from Raw Data
Creating a V-Mask Cusum Chart from Subgroup Summary Data
Saving Summary Statistics
Creating a One-Sided Cusum Chart with a Decision Interval
Saving Cusum Scheme Parameters
Reading Cusum Scheme Parameters
Syntax
Summary of Options
Dictionary of Special Options
Details
Basic Notation for Cusum Charts
Formulas for Cumulative Sums
Defining the Decision Interval for a One-Sided Cusum Scheme
Defining the V-Mask for a Two-Sided Cusum Scheme
Designing a Cusum Scheme
Cusum Charts Compared with Shewhart Charts
Methods for Estimating the Standard Deviation
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
Input Data Sets
Missing Values
Examples
Cusum and Standard Deviation Charts
Upper and Lower One-Sided Cusum Charts
Combined Shewhart–Cusum Scheme
INSET Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Syntax
References
The FACTEX Procedure
Introduction to the FACTEX Procedure
Overview
Features
Learning about the FACTEX Procedure
Getting Started
Example of a Two-Level Full Factorial Design
Example of a Full Factorial Design in Two Blocks
Example of a Half-Fraction Factorial Design
Using the FACTEX Procedure Interactively
Details of the FACTEX Procedure
Syntax
Summary of Functions
Summary of Designs
Statement Descriptions
PROC FACTEX Statement
BLOCKS Statement
UNITEFFECTS Statement
EXAMINE Statement
FACTORS Statement
MODEL Statement
OUTPUT Statement
SIZE Statement
Advanced Examples
Completely Randomized Design
Resolution IV Augmented Design
Factorial Design with Center Points
Fold-Over Design
Randomized Complete Block Design
Two-Level Design with Design Replication and Point Replication
Mixed-Level Design Using Design Replication and Point Replication
Mixed-Level Design Using Pseudo-factors
Mixed-Level Design by Collapsing Factors
Hyper-Graeco-Latin Square Design
Resolution IV Design with Minimum Aberration
Replicated Blocked Design with Partial Confounding
Incomplete Block Design
Design with Inner Array and Outer Array
Fractional Factorial Split-Plot Designs
Design and Analysis of a Complete Factorial Experiment
Computational Details
Types of Factors
Specifying Effects in the MODEL Statement
Factor Variable Characteristics in the Output Data Set
Statistical Details
Resolution
Randomization
Replication
Confounding Rules
Alias Structure
Minimum Aberration
Split-Plot Designs
Output
ODS Tables
Theory of Orthogonal Designs
Overview
Structure of General Factorial Designs
Suitable Confounding Rules
Design Factors
Block Factors
General Criteria
Searching for Confounding Rules
Speeding Up the Search
General Recommendations
References
The ISHIKAWA Procedure
Introduction to the ISHIKAWA Environment
Overview
Terminology
Tutorial
Details of the ISHIKAWA Environment
Summary of Operations
Operations
Adding Arrows
Labeling Arrows
Moving Arrows
Deleting Arrows
Resizing Arrows
Swapping Arrows
Balancing Arrows
Notepads
Managing Complexity
Zooming Arrows
Isolating Arrows
Merging Diagrams
Creating Graphics Output Using SAS/GRAPH Software
Creating Bitmap Graphics Output
Modifying Fonts
Modifying Box Colors
Modifying Arrow Colors and Line Styles
Modifying Text Colors
Modifying Arrow Heads
Modifying Environmental Attributes
Saving an Ishikawa Diagram for Future Editing
Reading an Existing Ishikawa Diagram
Displaying Multiple Ishikawa Diagrams
Input and Output Data Sets
Syntax
Examples
Quality of Air Travel Service
Integrated Circuit Failures
Photographic Development Process
References
The MACONTROL Procedure
Introduction
Learning about the MACONTROL Procedure
PROC MACONTROL Statement
Overview
Syntax
Input and Output Data Sets
EWMACHART Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating EWMA Charts from Raw Data
Creating EWMA Charts from Subgroup Summary Data
Saving Summary Statistics
Saving Control Limit Parameters
Reading Preestablished Control Limit Parameters
Syntax
Summary of Options
Dictionary of Special Options
Details
Constructing EWMA Charts
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
Input Data Sets
Methods for Estimating the Standard Deviation
Axis Labels
Missing Values
Examples
Specifying Standard Values for the Process Mean and Process Standard Deviation
Displaying Limits Based on Asymptotic Values
Working with Unequal Subgroup Sample Sizes
Displaying Individual Measurements on an EWMA Chart
Computing Average Run Lengths
MACHART Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating Moving Average Charts from Raw Data
Creating Moving Average Charts from Subgroup Summary Data
Saving Summary Statistics
Saving Control Limit Parameters
Reading Preestablished Control Limit Parameters
Syntax
Summary of Options
Dictionary of Special Options
Details
Constructing Uniformly Weighted Moving Average Charts
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
Input Data Sets
Methods for Estimating the Standard Deviation
Axis Labels
Missing Values
Examples
Specifying Standard Values for the Process Mean and Process Standard Deviation
Annotating Average Run Lengths on the Chart
INSET Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Syntax
References
The OPTEX Procedure
Introduction to the OPTEX Procedure
Overview
Features
Learning about the OPTEX Procedure
Getting Started
Constructing a Nonstandard Design
Optimal Design Scenarios
Details of the OPTEX Procedure
Syntax
Summary of Functions
Statement Descriptions
PROC OPTEX Statement
BLOCKS Statement
CLASS Statement
EXAMINE Statement
GENERATE Statement
ID Statement
MODEL Statement
OUTPUT Statement
Advanced Examples
Nonstandard Linear Model
Comparing Fedorov Algorithm to Sequential Algorithm
Using an Initial Design to Search an Optimal Design
Optimal Design Using an Augmented Best Design
Optimal Design Using a Small Candidate Set
Bayesian Optimal Design
Balanced Incomplete Block Design
Optimal Design with Fixed Covariates
Optimal Design in the Presence of Covariance
Adding Space-Filling Points to a Design
Data Details
Input Data Sets
Output Data Sets
Computational Details
Specifying Effects in MODEL Statements
Design Efficiency Measures
Design Coding
Optimality Criteria
Memory and Run-Time Considerations
Search Methods
Optimal Blocking
Search Strategies
Output
ODS Tables
References
The PARETO Procedure
Introduction
PROC PARETO Statement
Overview
Syntax
Summary of Options
Dictionary of Options
HBAR Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating a Pareto Chart from Raw Data
Creating a Pareto Chart Using Frequency Data
Restricting the Number of Pareto Categories
Syntax
Summary of Options
Dictionary of Options
VBAR Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating a Pareto Chart from Raw Data
Creating a Pareto Chart Using Frequency Data
Restricting the Number of Pareto Categories
Syntax
Summary of Options
Dictionary of Options
INSET Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Displaying Summary Statistics on a Pareto Chart
Customizing Labels and Formatting Values
Adding a Header and Positioning the Inset
Syntax
Summary of INSET Keywords
Summary of Options
Dictionary of Options
Details
Positioning the Inset Using Compass Points
Positioning the Inset in the Margins
Positioning the Inset Using Coordinates
Details and Examples
Details
Terminology
Labels for Chart Features
Scaling the Cumulative Percent Curve
Output Data Sets
ODS Graphics
Constructing Effective Pareto Charts
Missing Values
Role of Variable Formats
Large Data Sets
Examples
Creating Before-and-After Pareto Charts
Creating Two-Way Comparative Pareto Charts
Highlighting the Vital Few
Highlighting Combinations of Categories
Highlighting Combinations of Cells
Ordering Rows and Columns in a Comparative Pareto Chart
Merging Columns in a Comparative Pareto Chart
Creating Weighted Pareto Charts
References
The RELIABILITY Procedure
Overview
ODS Graphics
Getting Started
Analysis of Right-Censored Data from a Single Population
Weibull Analysis Comparing Groups of Data
Analysis of Accelerated Life Test Data
Weibull Analysis of Interval Data with Common Inspection Schedule
Lognormal Analysis with Arbitrary Censoring
Regression Modeling
Regression Model with Nonconstant Scale
Regression Model with Two Independent Variables
Weibull Probability Plot for Two Combined Failure Modes
Analysis of Recurrence Data on Repairs
Comparison of Two Samples of Repair Data
Analysis of Interval Age Recurrence Data
Analysis of Binomial Data
Syntax
Primary Statements
Secondary Statements
Graphical Enhancement Statements
PROC RELIABILITY Statement
ANALYZE Statement
BY Statement
CLASS Statement
DISTRIBUTION Statement
FMODE Statement
FREQ Statement
INSET Statement
LOGSCALE Statement
MAKE Statement
MCFPLOT Statement
MODEL Statement
NENTER Statement
PROBPLOT Statement
RELATIONPLOT Statement
UNITID Statement
Details
Abbreviations and Notation
Types of Lifetime Data
Probability Distributions
Probability Plotting
Nonparametric Confidence Intervals for Cumulative Failure Probabilities
Parameter Estimation and Confidence Intervals
Regression Model Observation-wise Statistics
Recurrence Data from Repairable Systems
ODS Table Names
ODS Graph Names
References
The SHEWHART Procedure
Introduction
Uses of Shewhart Charts
Characteristics of Shewhart Charts
Classification of Shewhart Charts
Learning to Use the SHEWHART Procedure
PROC SHEWHART and General Statements
Overview
Syntax Overview for the SHEWHART Procedure
BY and ID Statements
Graphical Enhancement Statements
Syntax for the PROC SHEWHART Statement
Summary of Options
Dictionary of Options
Input and Output Data Sets
BOXCHART Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating Box Charts from Raw Data
Creating Box Charts from Subgroup Summary Data
Saving Summary Statistics
Saving Control Limits
Reading Preestablished Control Limits
Syntax
Summary of Options
Details
Constructing Box Charts
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
Input Data Sets
Methods for Estimating the Standard Deviation
Percentile Definitions
Axis Labels
Missing Values
Examples
Using Box Charts to Compare Subgroups
Creating Various Styles of Box-and-Whisker Plots
Creating Notched Box-and-Whisker Plots
Creating Box-and-Whisker Plots with Varying Widths
Creating Box-and-Whisker Plots with Different Line Styles and Colors
Computing the Control Limits for Subgroup Maximums
Constructing Multi-Vari Charts
CCHART Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating c Charts from Defect Count Data
Saving Control Limits
Reading Preestablished Control Limits
Creating c Charts from Nonconformities per Unit
Saving Nonconformities per Unit
Syntax
Summary of Options
Details
Constructing Charts for Numbers of Nonconformities (c Charts)
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
Input Data Sets
Axis Labels
Missing Values
Examples
Applying Tests for Special Causes
Specifying a Known Expected Number of Nonconformities
Creating c Charts for Varying Numbers of Units
IRCHART Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating Individual Measurements and Moving Range Charts
Saving Individual Measurements and Moving Ranges
Reading Individual Measurements and Moving Ranges
Saving Control Limits
Reading Preestablished Control Limits
Specifying the Computation of the Moving Range
Syntax
Summary of Options
Details
Constructing Charts for Individual Measurements and Moving Ranges
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
Input Data Sets
Methods for Estimating the Standard Deviation
Interpreting Charts for Individual Measurements and Moving Ranges
Axis Labels
Missing Values
Examples
Applying Tests for Special Causes
Specifying Standard Values for the Process Mean and Standard Deviation
Displaying Distributional Plots in the Margin
MCHART Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating Charts for Medians from Raw Data
Creating Charts for Medians from Subgroup Summary Data
Saving Summary Statistics
Saving Control Limits
Reading Preestablished Control Limits
Syntax
Summary of Options
Details
Constructing Median Charts
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
Input Data Sets
Methods for Estimating the Standard Deviation
Axis Labels
Missing Values
Examples
Controlling Value of Central Line
Estimating the Process Standard Deviation
MRCHART Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating Charts for Medians and Ranges from Raw Data
Creating Charts for Medians and Ranges from Summary Data
Saving Summary Statistics
Saving Control Limits
Reading Preestablished Control Limits
Syntax
Summary of Options
Details
Constructing Charts for Medians and Ranges
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
Input Data Sets
Methods for Estimating the Standard Deviation
Axis Labels
Missing Values
Examples
Working with Unequal Subgroup Sample Sizes
Specifying Axis Labels
NPCHART Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating np Charts from Count Data
Creating np Charts from Summary Data
Saving Proportions of Nonconforming Items
Saving Control Limits
Reading Preestablished Control Limits
Syntax
Summary of Options
Details
Constructing Charts for Number Nonconforming (np Charts)
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
Input Data Sets
Axis Labels
Missing Values
Examples
Applying Tests for Special Causes
Specifying Standard Average Proportion
Working with Unequal Subgroup Sample Sizes
Specifying Control Limit Information
PCHART Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating p Charts from Count Data
Creating p Charts from Summary Data
Saving Proportions of Nonconforming Items
Saving Control Limits
Reading Preestablished Control Limits
Syntax
Summary of Options
Details
Constructing Charts for Proportion Nonconforming (p Charts)
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
Input Data Sets
Axis Labels
Missing Values
Examples
Applying Tests for Special Causes
Specifying Standard Average Proportion
Working with Unequal Subgroup Sample Sizes
Creating a Chart with Revised Control Limits
OC Curve for Chart
RCHART Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating Range Charts from Raw Data
Creating Range Charts from Summary Data
Saving Summary Statistics
Saving Control Limits
Reading Preestablished Control Limits
Syntax
Summary of Options
Details
Constructing Range Charts
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
Input Data Sets
Methods for Estimating the Standard Deviation
Axis Labels
Missing Values
Examples
Computing Probability Limits
Specifying Control Limit Information
SCHART Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating Standard Deviation Charts from Raw Data
Creating Standard Deviation Charts from Subgroup Summary Data
Saving Summary Statistics
Saving Control Limits
Reading Preestablished Control Limits
Syntax
Summary of Options
Details
Constructing Charts for Standard Deviations
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
Input Data Sets
Methods for Estimating the Standard Deviation
Axis Labels
Missing Values
Examples
Specifying a Known Standard Deviation
Computing Average Run Lengths for s Charts
UCHART Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating u Charts from Defect Count Data
Saving Control Limits
Reading Preestablished Control Limits
Creating u Charts from Nonconformities per Unit
Saving Nonconformities per Unit
Syntax
Summary of Options
Details
Constructing Charts for Nonconformities per Unit (u Charts)
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
Input Data Sets
Axis Labels
Missing Values
Examples
Applying Tests for Special Causes
Specifying a Known Expected Number of Nonconformities
Creating u Charts for Varying Numbers of Units
XCHART Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating Charts for Means from Raw Data
Creating Charts for Means from Subgroup Summary Data
Saving Summary Statistics
Saving Control Limits
Reading Preestablished Control Limits
Syntax
Summary of Options
Details
Constructing Charts for Means
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
Input Data Sets
Methods for Estimating the Standard Deviation
Axis Labels
Missing Values
Examples
Applying Tests for Special Causes
Estimating the Process Standard Deviation
Plotting OC Curves for Mean Charts
Computing Process Capability Indices
XRCHART Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating Charts for Means and Ranges from Raw Data
Creating Charts for Means and Ranges from Summary Data
Saving Summary Statistics
Saving Control Limits
Reading Preestablished Control Limits
Syntax
Summary of Options
Details
Constructing Charts for Means and Ranges
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
Input Data Sets
Subgroup Variables
Methods for Estimating the Standard Deviation
Capability Indices
Axis Labels
Missing Values
Examples
Applying Tests for Special Causes
Specifying Standard Values for the Process Mean and Standard Deviation
Working with Unequal Subgroup Sample Sizes
XSCHART Statement
Overview
Getting Started
Creating Charts for Means and Standard Deviations from Raw Data
Creating Charts for Means and Standard Deviations from Summary Data
Saving Summary Statistics
Saving Control Limits
Reading Preestablished Control Limits
Syntax
Summary of Options
Details
Constructing Charts for Means and Standard Deviations
Output Data Sets
ODS Tables
ODS Graphics
Input Data Sets
Methods for Estimating the Standard Deviation
Axis Labels
Missing Values
Examples
Specifying Probability Limits
Computing Subgroup Summary Statistics
Analyzing Nonnormal Process Data
INSET and INSET2 Statements
Overview
Getting Started
Displaying Summary Statistics on a Control Chart
Formatting Values and Customizing Labels
Adding a Header and Positioning the Inset
Syntax
Summary of INSET Keywords
Summary of Options
Dictionary of Options
Details
Positioning the Inset Using Compass Points
Positioning the Inset in the Margins
Positioning the Inset Using Coordinates
Dictionary of Options
Graphical Enhancements
Overview
Displaying Stratified Process Data
Displaying Stratification in Levels of a Classification Variable
Displaying Stratification in Blocks of Observations
Displaying Stratification in Phases
Displaying Multiple Sets of Control Limits
Displaying Auxiliary Data with Stars
Creating a Basic Star Chart
Adding Reference Circles to Stars
Specifying the Style of Stars
Specifying the Method of Standardization
Displaying Trends in Process Data
Step 1: Preliminary Mean and Standard Deviation Charts
Step 2: Modeling the Trend
Step 3: Displaying the Trend Chart
Clipping Extreme Points
Labeling Axes
Default Labels
Labeling the Horizontal Axis
Labeling the Vertical Axis
Selecting Subgroups for Computation and Display
Using WHERE Statements
Using Switch Variables
Tests for Special Causes
Standard Tests for Special Causes
Requesting Standard Tests
Interpreting Standard Tests for Special Causes
Modifying Standard Tests for Special Causes
Applying Tests with Varying Subgroup Sample Sizes
Labeling Signaled Points with a Variable
Applying Tests with Multiple Phases
Applying Tests with Multiple Sets of Control Limits
Enhancing the Display of Signaled Tests
Nonstandard Tests for Special Causes
Applying Tests to Range and Standard Deviation Charts
Applying Tests Based on Generalized Patterns
Customizing Tests with DATA Step Programs
Specialized Control Charts
Overview
Autocorrelation in Process Data
Diagnosing and Modeling Autocorrelation
Strategies for Handling Autocorrelation
Multiple Components of Variation
Preliminary Examination of Variation
Determining the Components of Variation
Short Run Process Control
Analyzing the Difference from Nominal
Testing for Constant Variances
Standardizing Differences from Nominal
Nonnormal Process Data
Creating a Preliminary Individual Measurements Chart
Calculating Probability Limits
Multivariate Control Charts
Calculating the Chart Statistic
Examining the Principal Component Contributions
Interactive Control Charts
Overview
Details
Saving Graphics Coordinates in a Control Chart
Associating URLs with Subgroups in HTML
Links and Tests for Special Causes
References
The GAGE Application
Introduction
Terminology
Getting Started
Invoking the GAGE Application
Entering Data
Performing a Range Chart Analysis
Performing an Average Chart Analysis
Selecting a Statistical Method
Performing an Average and Range Analysis
Performing a Variance Components Analysis
Saving the Data
Entering Another Set of Data
Reading Data from a Data Set
Details
Range Chart
Average Chart
Average and Range Method
Variance Components Method
Creating a Data Set Outside the GAGE Application
Extensibility of the Application
References
The RELIABILITY Graphical Interface
Functions
Introduction
Function Descriptions
AOQ2 Function
ASN2 Function
ATI2 Function
BAYESACT Call
C4 Function
CUSUMARL Function
D2 Function
D3 Function
EWMAARL Function
PROBACC2 Function
PROBBNML Function
PROBHYPR Function
PROBMED Function
STDMED Function
Details
Types of Sampling Plans
Evaluating Single-Sampling Plans
Evaluating Double-Sampling Plans
Deriving Control Chart Constants
References
Special Fonts in SAS/QC Software
Introduction
Font Selection
Product
Release
SAS/QC
9.2
Type
Usage and Reference
Copyright Date
July 2010
Last Updated
03Jul2010