The UNIVARIATE Procedure
- Overview
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Getting Started
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Syntax
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Details
Missing Values Rounding Descriptive Statistics Calculating the Mode Calculating Percentiles Tests for Location Confidence Limits for Parameters of the Normal Distribution Robust Estimators Creating Line Printer Plots Creating High-Resolution Graphics Using the CLASS Statement to Create Comparative Plots Positioning Insets Formulas for Fitted Continuous Distributions Goodness-of-Fit Tests Kernel Density Estimates Construction of Quantile-Quantile and Probability Plots Interpretation of Quantile-Quantile and Probability Plots Distributions for Probability and Q-Q Plots Estimating Shape Parameters Using Q-Q Plots Estimating Location and Scale Parameters Using Q-Q Plots Estimating Percentiles Using Q-Q Plots Input Data Sets OUT= Output Data Set in the OUTPUT Statement OUTHISTOGRAM= Output Data Set OUTKERNEL= Output Data Set OUTTABLE= Output Data Set Tables for Summary Statistics ODS Table Names ODS Tables for Fitted Distributions ODS Graphics Computational Resources
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Examples
Computing Descriptive Statistics for Multiple Variables Calculating Modes Identifying Extreme Observations and Extreme Values Creating a Frequency Table Creating Plots for Line Printer Output Analyzing a Data Set With a FREQ Variable Saving Summary Statistics in an OUT= Output Data Set Saving Percentiles in an Output Data Set Computing Confidence Limits for the Mean, Standard Deviation, and Variance Computing Confidence Limits for Quantiles and Percentiles Computing Robust Estimates Testing for Location Performing a Sign Test Using Paired Data Creating a Histogram Creating a One-Way Comparative Histogram Creating a Two-Way Comparative Histogram Adding Insets with Descriptive Statistics Binning a Histogram Adding a Normal Curve to a Histogram Adding Fitted Normal Curves to a Comparative Histogram Fitting a Beta Curve Fitting Lognormal, Weibull, and Gamma Curves Computing Kernel Density Estimates Fitting a Three-Parameter Lognormal Curve Annotating a Folded Normal Curve Creating Lognormal Probability Plots Creating a Histogram to Display Lognormal Fit Creating a Normal Quantile Plot Adding a Distribution Reference Line Interpreting a Normal Quantile Plot Estimating Three Parameters from Lognormal Quantile Plots Estimating Percentiles from Lognormal Quantile Plots Estimating Parameters from Lognormal Quantile Plots Comparing Weibull Quantile Plots Creating a Cumulative Distribution Plot Creating a P-P Plot
- References
Example 4.13 Performing a Sign Test Using Paired Data
This example demonstrates a sign test for paired data, which is a specific application of the tests for location discussed in Example 4.12.
The instructor from Example 4.4 is now interested in performing a sign test for the pairs of test scores in his college course. The following statements request basic statistical measures and tests for location:
title 'Test Scores for a College Course'; ods select BasicMeasures TestsForLocation; proc univariate data=Score; var ScoreChange; run;
The ODS SELECT statement restricts the output to the "BasicMeasures" and "TestsForLocation" tables; see the section ODS Table Names. The instructor is not willing to assume that the ScoreChange variable is normal or even symmetric, so he decides to examine the sign test. The large 
-value (0.7744) of the sign test provides insufficient evidence of a difference in test score medians.
| Test Scores for a College Course |
| Basic Statistical Measures | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Location | Variability | ||
| Mean | -3.08333 | Std Deviation | 13.33797 |
| Median | -3.00000 | Variance | 177.90152 |
| Mode | -5.00000 | Range | 51.00000 |
| Interquartile Range | 10.50000 | ||
| Tests for Location: Mu0=0 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Test | Statistic | p Value | ||
| Student's t | t | -0.80079 | Pr > |t| | 0.4402 |
| Sign | M | -1 | Pr >= |M| | 0.7744 |
| Signed Rank | S | -8.5 | Pr >= |S| | 0.5278 |
A sample program for this example, uniex03.sas, is available in the SAS Sample Library for Base SAS software.