The HPSEVERITY Procedure

PROC HPSEVERITY enables you to specify that the response variable values are left-truncated or right-censored. The following DATA step expands the data set of the previous example to simulate a scenario that is typically encountered by an automobile insurance company. The values of the variable Y represent the loss values on claims that are reported to an auto insurance company. The variable THRESHOLD records the deductible on the insurance policy. If the actual value of Y is less than or equal to the deductible, then it is unobservable and does not get recorded. In other words, THRESHOLD specifies the left-truncation of Y. LIMIT records the policy limit. If the value of Y is equal to or greater than the recorded value, then the observation is right-censored.

/*----- Lognormal Model with left-truncation and censoring -----*/
data test_sev2(keep=y threshold limit
        label='A Lognormal Sample With Censoring and Truncation');
   set test_sev1;
   label y='Censored & Truncated Response';
   if _n_ = 1 then call streaminit(45679);

   /* make about 20% of the observations left-truncated */
   if (rand('UNIFORM') < 0.2) then
      threshold = y * (1 - rand('UNIFORM'));
   else
      threshold = .;
   /* make about 15% of the observations right-censored */
   iscens = (rand('UNIFORM') < 0.15);
   if (iscens) then
      limit = y;
   else
      limit = .;
run;

The following statements use the AICC criterion to analyze which of the four predefined distributions (lognormal, Burr, gamma, and Weibull) has the best fit for the data:

proc hpseverity data=test_sev2 crit=aicc print=all ;
   loss y / lt=threshold rc=limit;

   dist logn burr gamma weibull;
   performance nthreads=2;
run;

The LOSS statement specifies the left-truncation and right-censoring variables. Each candidate distribution needs to be specified by using a separate DIST statement. The PRINT= option in the PROC HPSEVERITY statement requests that all the displayed output be prepared. The NTHREADS option in the PERFORMANCE statement specifies that two threads of computation be used. The option is shown here just for illustration. You should use it only when you want to restrict the procedure to use a different number of threads than the value of the CPUCOUNT= system option, which usually defaults to the number of physical CPU cores available on your machine, thereby allowing the procedure to fully utilize the computational power of your machine.

Some of the key results prepared by PROC HPSEVERITY are shown in Figure 5.4 through Figure 5.7. In addition to the estimates of the range, mean, and standard deviation of Y, the “Descriptive Statistics for Variable y” table shown in Figure 5.4 also indicates the number of observations that are left-truncated or right-censored. The “Model Selection” table in Figure 5.4 shows that models with all the candidate distributions have converged and that the Logn (lognormal) model has the best fit for the data according to the AICC criterion.

PROC HPSEVERITY also prepares a table that shows all the fit statistics for all the candidate models. It is useful to see which model would be the best fit according to each of the criteria. The “All Fit Statistics” table prepared for this example is shown in Figure 5.5. It indicates that the lognormal model is chosen by all the criteria.

/*------ Specifying initial values using INIT= option -------*/
proc hpseverity data=test_sev2 crit=aicc print=all;
   loss y / lt=threshold rc=limit;

   dist burr(init=(theta=4.62348 alpha=1.15706 gamma=6.41227));
   performance nthreads=2;
run;