XCHART Statement: ANOM Procedure

Input Data Sets

DATA= Data Set

You can read raw data (response values) from a DATA= data set specified in the PROC ANOM statement. Each response specified in the XCHART statement must be a SAS variable in the DATA= data set. This variable provides measurements that must be grouped into group samples indexed by the group-variable. The group-variable, which is specified in the XCHART statement, must also be a SAS variable in the DATA= data set. Each observation in a DATA= data set must contain a value for each response and a value for the group-variable. If the ith group contains $n_ i$ items, there should be $n_ i$ consecutive observations for which the value of the group-variable is the index of the ith group. For example, if each group contains five items and there are 10 groups, the DATA= data set should contain 50 observations.

Other variables that can be read from a DATA= data set include

  • _PHASE_ (if the READPHASES= option is specified)

  • block-variables

  • symbol-variable

  • BY variables

  • ID variables

By default, the ANOM procedure reads all of the observations in a DATA= data set. However, if the data set includes the variable _PHASE_, you can read selected groups of observations (referred to as phases) with the READPHASES= option.

For an example of a DATA= data set, see the section Creating ANOM Charts for Means from Response Values.

LIMITS= Data Set

You can read preestablished decision limits (or parameters from which the decision limits can be calculated) from a LIMITS= data set specified in the PROC ANOM statement. For example, the following statements read decision limit information from the data set Conlims: 

proc anom data=Info limits=Conlims;
   xchart Weight*Batch;
run;

The LIMITS= data set can be an OUTLIMITS= data set that was created in a previous run of the ANOM procedure. Such data sets always contain the variables required for a LIMITS= data set; see Table 4.27. The LIMITS= data set can also be created directly using a DATA step. When you create a LIMITS= data set, you must provide one of the following minimal combinations of variables:

  • the variables _LDLX_, _MEAN_, and _UDLX_, which specify the decision limits directly

  • the variables _MEAN_ and _MSE_, with _DFE_ recommended, which are used to calculate the decision limits according to the equations in the section Decision Limits

In addition, note the following:

  • The variables _VAR_ and _GROUP_ are always required. These must be character variables whose lengths are no greater than 32.

  • _DFE_ is optional. The default is $\nu = N-k$, and in the case of equal group sizes, $\nu = k(n-1)$.

  • _MSE_ is optional if _LDLX_ and _UDLX_ are specified; otherwise it is required.

  • _LDLX_ and _UDLX_ must be specified together; otherwise their values are computed.

  • _ALPHA_ is optional but is recommended in order to maintain a complete set of decision limit information. The default value is 0.05.

  • _LIMITK_ is optional. The default value is k, the number of groups. A group must have at least one non-missing value ($n_{i} \geq 1$) and there must be at least one group with $n_{i} \geq 2$. If specified, _LIMITK_ overrides the value of k.

  • _LIMITN_ is optional. The default value is the common group size (n), in the balanced case $n_{i} \equiv n$. If specified, _LIMITN_ overrides the value of n.

  • The variable _TYPE_ is optional, but is recommended to maintain a complete set of decision limit information. The variable _TYPE_ must be a character variable of length 8. Valid values are 'ESTIMATE,' 'STANDARD,' 'STDMEAN,' and 'STDRMS.' The default is 'ESTIMATE.'

  • The variable _INDEX_ is required if you specify the READINDEX= option; this must be a character variable whose length is no greater than 48.

  • BY variables are required if specified with a BY statement.

SUMMARY= Data Set

You can read group summary statistics from a SUMMARY= data set specified in the PROC ANOM statement. This enables you to reuse OUTSUMMARY= data sets that have been created in previous runs of the ANOM procedure or to read output data sets created with SAS summarization procedures, such as PROC MEANS.

A SUMMARY= data set used with the XCHART statement must contain the following:

  • the group-variable

  • a group mean variable for each response

  • a group sample size variable for each response

  • a group standard deviation variable for each response

The names of the group mean, group range, and group sample size variables must be the response name concatenated with the suffix characters X, S, and N, respectively.

For example, consider the following statements: 

proc anom summary=Summary;
   xchart (Weight Yieldstrength)*Batch;
run;

The data set Summary must include the variables Batch, WeightX, WeightS, WeightN, YieldstrengthX, YieldstrengthS, and YieldstrengthN. Note that if you specify a response name that contains 32 characters, the names of the summary variables must be formed from the first 16 characters and the last 15 characters of the response name, suffixed with the appropriate character.

Other variables that can be read from a SUMMARY= data set include

  • _PHASE_ (if the READPHASES= option is specified)

  • block-variables

  • symbol-variable

  • BY variables

  • ID variables

By default, the ANOM procedure reads all of the observations in a SUMMARY= data set. However, if the data set includes the variable _PHASE_, you can read selected groups of observations (referred to as phases) by specifying the READPHASES= option.

For an example of a SUMMARY= data set, see the section Creating ANOM Charts for Means from Group Summary Data.

TABLE= Data Set

You can read summary statistics and decision limits from a TABLE= data set specified in the PROC ANOM statement. This enables you to reuse an OUTTABLE= data set created in a previous run of the ANOM procedure. Because the ANOM procedure simply displays the information in a TABLE= data set, you can use TABLE= data sets to create specialized ANOM charts.

Table 4.31 lists the variables required in a TABLE= data set used with the XCHART statement:

Table 4.31: Variables Required in a TABLE= Data Set

Variable

Description

Group-variable

Values of the group-variable

_LDLX_

Lower decision limit for mean

_LIMITN_

Nominal sample size associated with the decision limits

_MEAN_

Central line

_SUBN_

Group sample size

_SUBX_

Group mean

_UDLX_

Upper decision limit for mean


Other variables that can be read from a TABLE= data set include

  • block-variables

  • symbol-variable

  • BY variables

  • ID variables

  • _PHASE_ (if the READPHASES= option is specified). This variable must be a character variable whose length is no greater than 48.

  • _VAR_. This variable is required if more than one response is specified or if the data set contains information for more than one response. This variable must be a character variable whose length is no greater than 32.

For an example of a TABLE= data set, see the section Saving Decision Limits.