The UNIVARIATE Procedure

CLASS Statement

CLASS variable-1 <(v-options)> <variable-2 <(v-options)>>< / KEYLEVEL= value1 | (value1 value2 )>;

The CLASS statement specifies one or two variables used to group the data into classification levels. Variables in a CLASS statement are referred to as CLASS variables. CLASS variables can be numeric or character. Class variables can have floating point values, but they typically have a few discrete values that define levels of the variable. You do not have to sort the data by CLASS variables. PROC UNIVARIATE uses the formatted values of the CLASS variables to determine the classification levels.

You can specify the following v-options enclosed in parentheses after the CLASS variable:

MISSING

specifies that missing values for the CLASS variable are to be treated as valid classification levels. Special missing values that represent numeric values ('.A' through '.Z' and '._') are each considered as a separate value. If you omit MISSING, PROC UNIVARIATE excludes the observations with a missing CLASS variable value from the analysis. Enclose this option in parentheses after the CLASS variable.

ORDER=DATA | FORMATTED | FREQ | INTERNAL

specifies the display order for the CLASS variable values. The default value is INTERNAL. You can specify the following values with the ORDER=option:

DATA

orders values according to their order in the input data set. When you use a plot statement, PROC UNIVARIATE displays the rows (columns) of the comparative plot from top to bottom (left to right) in the order that the CLASS variable values first appear in the input data set.

FORMATTED

orders values by their ascending formatted values. This order might depend on your operating environment. When you use a plot statement, PROC UNIVARIATE displays the rows (columns) of the comparative plot from top to bottom (left to right) in increasing order of the formatted CLASS variable values. For example, suppose a numeric CLASS variable Day (with values 1, 2, and 3) has a user-defined format that assigns Wednesday to the value 1, Thursday to the value 2, and Friday to the value 3. The rows of the comparative plot will appear in alphabetical order (Friday, Thursday, Wednesday) from top to bottom.

If there are two or more distinct internal values with the same formatted value, then PROC UNIVARIATE determines the order by the internal value that occurs first in the input data set. For numeric variables without an explicit format, the levels are ordered by their internal values.

FREQ

orders values by descending frequency count so that levels with the most observations are listed first. If two or more values have the same frequency count, PROC UNIVARIATE uses the formatted values to determine the order.

When you use a plot statement, PROC UNIVARIATE displays the rows (columns) of the comparative plot from top to bottom (left to right) in order of decreasing frequency count for the CLASS variable values.

INTERNAL

orders values by their unformatted values, which yields the same order as PROC SORT. This order may depend on your operating environment.

When you use a plot statement, PROC UNIVARIATE displays the rows (columns) of the comparative plot from top to bottom (left to right) in increasing order of the internal (unformatted) values of the CLASS variable. The first CLASS variable is used to label the rows of the comparative plots (top to bottom). The second CLASS variable is used to label the columns of the comparative plots (left to right). For example, suppose a numeric CLASS variable Day (with values 1, 2, and 3) has a user-defined format that assigns Wednesday to the value 1, Thursday to the value 2, and Friday to the value 3. The rows of the comparative plot will appear in day-of-the-week order (Wednesday, Thursday, Friday) from top to bottom.

You can specify the following option after the slash (/) in the CLASS statement.

KEYLEVEL=value | ( value1 value2 )

specifies the key cells in comparative plots. For each plot, PROC UNIVARIATE first determines the horizontal axis scaling for the key cell, and then extends the axis using the established tick interval to accommodate the data ranges for the remaining cells, if necessary. Thus, the choice of the key cell determines the uniform horizontal axis that PROC UNIVARIATE uses for all cells.

If you specify only one CLASS variable and use a plot statement, KEYLEVEL=value identifies the key cell as the level for which the CLASS variable is equal to value. By default, PROC UNIVARIATE sorts the levels in the order determined by the ORDER= option, and the key cell is the first occurrence of a level in this order. The cells display in order from top to bottom or left to right. Consequently, the key cell appears at the top (or left). When you specify a different key cell with the KEYLEVEL= option, this cell appears at the top (or left).

If you specify two CLASS variables, use KEYLEVEL= (value1 value2) to identify the key cell as the level for which CLASS variable n is equal to valuen. By default, PROC UNIVARIATE sorts the levels of the first CLASS variable in the order that is determined by its ORDER= option. Then, within each of these levels, it sorts the levels of the second CLASS variable in the order that is determined by its ORDER= option. The default key cell is the first occurrence of a combination of levels for the two variables in this order. The cells display in the order of the first CLASS variable from top to bottom and in the order of the second CLASS variable from left to right. Consequently, the default key cell appears at the upper left corner. When you specify a different key cell with the KEYLEVEL= option, this cell appears at the upper left corner.

The length of the KEYLEVEL= value cannot exceed 16 characters and you must specify a formatted value.

The KEYLEVEL= option has no effect unless you specify a plot statement.

NOKEYMOVE

specifies that the location of the key cell in a comparative plot be unchanged by the CLASS statement KEYLEVEL= option. By default, the key cell is positioned as the first cell in a comparative plot.

The NOKEYMOVE option has no effect unless you specify a plot statement.