The CROSSTAB statement is used to calculate one and two dimensional tables. You can use GROUPBY= variables, partitioned tables, a WEIGHT= variable to calculate multiple statistics for each table cell, and calculate marginal versions of the statistics as well.
Example: | Crosstabulation with Measures of Association and Chi-Square Tests |
specifies to create a one-dimensional table using the specified variable.
specifies to create a two-dimensional table based on the two variables.
specifies that the levels of row and column variables are the same across the GROUPBY= variables. If you specify this option, then the tables in each group are shown with the same row and column layout. If the ACROSSBY option is not specified, then the particular row and column levels might be different among the groups based on which values of the row and column variables occur in each group.
Alias | ACROSS |
specifies the statistics to use as aggregation methods for which crosstabulations are computed when a WEIGHT variable is also specified. If no WEIGHT variable is specified, then the N aggregator is applied. In other words, the crosstabulation shows the frequency with which the values occur when no WEIGHT variable is specified. If you specify multiple aggregation methods, then the server computes a crosstabulation for each method.
CSS | corrected sum of squares |
CV | coefficient of variation |
MAX | maximum value |
MEAN | arithmetic mean |
MIN | minimum value |
N | number of observations |
PROBT | p-value for the t-statistic |
STD | standard deviation |
STDERR | standard error |
SUM | sum of the nonmissing values |
TSTAT | t-statistic for the null hypothesis that the mean equals zero |
USS | uncorrected sum of squares |
VAR | sample variance |
Alias | AGG= |
specifies to calculate the measures of association between the row and column variable of the cross tabulation. The option generates the following measures: the Gamma statistic, Kendall's Tau-b, Stuart's Tau-c, Somers' measures, Lambda measures, and uncertainty measures.
Alias | MEASURES |
computes Chi-square statistics for the test of independence of the row and column variables and their asymptotic p-values. The option calculates the Pearson Chi-square statistic as well as the likelihood-ratio test.
specifies the number of bins to use in binning the column variable.
Alias | XBINS= |
specifies that the levels of the GROUPBY variables are to be arranged in descending order.
Alias | DESC |
specifies the formats for the GROUPBY= variables. If you do not specify the FORMATS= option, or if you omit the entry for a GROUPBY variable, the default format is applied for that variable.
Example | proc imstat data=lasr1.table1;
crosstab x*y / groupby=(a b) formats=("8.3", "$10");
quit;
|
specifies a list of variable names, or a single variable name, to use as GROUPBY variables in the order of the grouping hierarchy. If you do not specify any GROUPBY variable names, then the calculation is performed across the entire table—possibly subject to a WHERE clause.
specifies the maximum number of levels in a GROUPBY set. When the software determines that there are at least n levels in the GROUPBY set, it abandons the action, returns a message, and does not produce a result set. You can specify the GROUPBYLIMIT= option if you want to avoid creating excessively large result sets in GROUPBY operations.
specifies whether to calculate marginal values in addition to the crosstabulation. The default is MARGINS=NONE, which specifies that no marginal values are calculated. The MARGINS=ROW setting calculates margins for the row variable only. The MARGINS=COL setting calculates margins for the column variable only. The MARGINS=ALL setting calculates row margins, column margins, and the overall margin.
Default | NONE |
specifies the number of bins to create when a numeric GROUPBY variable exceeds the MERGELIMIT=n specification. If you specify a MERGELIMIT, but do not specify a value for the MERGEBINS= option, the server automatically calculates the number of bins.
specifies that when the number of unique values in a numeric GROUPBY variable exceeds n, the variable is automatically binned and the GROUPBY structure is determined based on the binned values of the variable, rather than the unique formatted values.
specifies that empty cells are not returned to the SAS session (only full cells are returned). When this option is specified, the server arranges the results into a vector of nonzero values with row and column indices. This sparse storage is memory efficient when the table has many empty cells.
Alias | FULLCELL |
specifies that the levels of the GROUPBY variables are to be arranged in descending order.
Alias | DESC |
prevents the procedure from pre-parsing and pre-generating code for temporary expressions, scoring programs, and other user-written SAS statements.
Alias | NOPREP |
specifies that the temporary table generated by the TEMPTABLE option is not partitioned by the GROUPBY= variables. When you request a temporary table with the CROSSTAB statement, by default, the server creates a partitioned table. When the number of groups is large, this can result in many small partitions, and requires extra memory resources to store the partition information for the temporary table. By specifying this option, the temporary table is organized similarly to the default table, but is not a partitioned table.
Alias | NOTP |
When you specify this option and the table is partitioned, the results are calculated separately for each value of the partition key. In other words, the partition variables function as automatic GROUPBY variables. This mode of executing calculations by partition is more efficient than using the GROUPBY= option. With a partitioned table, the server takes advantage of knowing that observations for a partition cannot be located on more than one worker node.
statement / partition="F 11"; /* passed directly to the server */ statement / partition="F","11"; /* composed by the procedure */
Alias | PART= |
specifies that the ordering of the GROUPBY variables is based on the raw values of the variables instead of the formatted values.
specifies the number of bins to use for binning the row variable.
Alias | YBINS= |
saves the result table so that you can use it in other IMSTAT procedure statements like STORE, REPLAY, and FREE. The value for table-name must be unique within the scope of the procedure execution. The name of a table that has been freed with the FREE statement can be used again in subsequent SAVE= options.
requests that the server estimate the size of the result set. The procedure does not create a result table if the SETSIZE option is specified. Instead, the procedure reports the number of rows that are returned by the request and the expected memory consumption for the result set (in KB). If you specify the SETSIZE option, the SAS log includes the number of observations and the estimated result set size. See the following log sample:
NOTE: The LASR Analytic Server action request for the STATEMENT
statement would return 17 rows and approximately
3.641 kBytes of data.
specifies either a quoted string that contains the SAS expression that defines the temporary variables or a file reference to an external file with the SAS statements.
Alias | TE= |
specifies the list of temporary variables for the request. Each temporary variable must be defined through SAS statements that you supply with the TEMPEXPRESS= option.
Alias | TN= |
generates an in-memory temporary table from the result set. The IMSTAT procedure displays the name of the table and stores it in the &_TEMPLAST_ macro variable, provided that the statement executed successfully.
specifies the numeric weight variable to use for calculating the statistics in the table cell and the margins of the table. If no WEIGHT variable is specified, then the only aggregate method that is available to the CROSSTAB statement is N. In this case, then number of observations (frequency) is reported in each table cell.