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Problem Note 62610: PROC CORR Spearman, Kendall's tau-b and Hoeffding's statistics might differ from previous SAS® releases

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PROC CORR might generate different results for the following rank-based statistics beginning with SAS® 9.4TS1M1:

  • Spearman rank-order correlation
  • Kendall's tau-b correlation
  • Hoeffding's measure of dependence

In prior releases, PROC CORR compares values directly. Due to machine dependent and numerical precision issues, sufficiently close values might be treated as different values. This is the same approach used by PROC RANK. Beginning in SAS 9.4TS1M1, PROC CORR includes a fuzz factor when comparing values, so that sufficiently close values are treated as the same values.

The following example demonstrates this:

data a;
   do x=1 to 18;
      y= 10 - 10**-x;
      output;
   end;
run;
proc rank data=a out=a1;
   var y;
   ranks yrank;
run;
proc print;
run;

proc corr data=a1 spearman kendall hoeffding;
   var x;
   with y yrank;
run;

Prior to SAS 9.4TS1M1, PROC CORR treats the rankings the same as PROC RANK and generates these results:

Beginning in SAS 9.4TS1M1, PROC CORR generates the following:

If desired, you can reproduce previous results in SAS 9.4 TS1M1 and later by using the ranks computed in PROC RANK instead of the raw data.



Operating System and Release Information

Product FamilyProductSystemProduct ReleaseSAS Release
ReportedFixed*ReportedFixed*
SAS SystemBase SASWindows 7 Ultimate 32 bit9.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Windows 7 Professional x649.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Windows 7 Professional 32 bit9.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Windows 7 Home Premium x649.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Windows 7 Home Premium 32 bit9.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Windows 7 Enterprise x649.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Windows 7 Enterprise 32 bit9.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 Std9.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 Std9.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 Datacenter9.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 Datacenter9.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Microsoft Windows Server 2008 for x649.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R29.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Microsoft Windows Server 20089.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Microsoft Windows 109.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Microsoft Windows 8.1 Pro x649.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Microsoft Windows 8.1 Pro 32-bit9.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Microsoft Windows 8.1 Enterprise x649.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Microsoft Windows 8.1 Enterprise 32-bit9.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Microsoft Windows 8 Pro x649.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Microsoft Windows 8 Pro 32-bit9.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Microsoft Windows 8 Enterprise x649.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Microsoft Windows 8 Enterprise 32-bit9.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Microsoft® Windows® for x649.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
z/OS 64-bit9.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
z/OS9.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Windows 7 Ultimate x649.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
64-bit Enabled AIX9.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
64-bit Enabled Solaris9.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
HP-UX IPF9.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Linux for x649.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
Solaris for x649.4_M19.4_M19.4 TS1M19.4 TS1M1
* For software releases that are not yet generally available, the Fixed Release is the software release in which the problem is planned to be fixed.