The PARETO Procedure

VBAR Statement

VBAR (variable-list )</ options> ;

The VBAR statement creates a Pareto chart in which vertical bars represent the frequencies of problems in a process or operation. A vertical Pareto chart has a horizontal category axis. The frequency axis is oriented vertically on the left side of the chart and measures the lengths of the bars on the chart. The cumulative percentage axis is on the right of the chart and measures the cumulative percentage curve.

The VBAR statement produces three types of output for Pareto charts:

It produces ODS Graphics output if ODS Graphics is enabled (for example, by specifying the ODS GRAPHICS ON statement prior to the PROC statement).
Otherwise, it produces traditional graphics by default if SAS/GRAPH is licensed.
It produces legacy line printer charts when you specify the LINEPRINTER option in the PROC statement.

For more information about producing these different types of graphs, see Chapter 3: SAS/QC Graphics.

The variable-list specifies the process variables to be analyzed. A chart is created for each variable, and the values of each variable determine the Pareto categories for that chart. If variable-list contains only one process variable, you do not need to enclose it in parentheses.

The variables can be numeric or character, and the maximum length of a character variable is 64. Formatted values are used to determine the categories and are displayed in labels and legends. The maximum format length is 64.

Table 15.6 lists the VBAR statement options by function. For complete descriptions, see the section Dictionary of HBAR and VBAR Statement Options.

Table 15.6: VBAR Statement Options

Option	Description
Data Processing Options
FREQ=	Specifies the frequency variable
MISSING	Requests that missing values of the process variable be treated as a Pareto category
MISSING1	Requests that missing values of the first CLASS= variable be analyzed as a level
MISSING2	Requests that missing values of the second CLASS= variable be analyzed as a level
OUT=	Creates an output data set that saves the information that is displayed in the Pareto chart
WEIGHT=	Specifies weight variables that are used to weight frequencies
Options for Restricting the Number of Categories
LOTHER=	Specifies a label for the OTHER= bar
MAXCMPCT=	Displays only the categories whose cumulative percentage is less than the specified percentage
MAXNCAT=	Displays only the categories that have the n highest values
MINPCT=	Displays only the categories that have percentages greater than the specified percentage
OTHER=	Merges all categories that are not displayed
OTHERCVAL=	Specifies an OUT= data set character variable value for the OTHER= category
OTHERNVAL=	Specifies an OUT= data set numeric variable value for the OTHER= category
Options for Displaying Bars
BARLABEL=	Displays labels for bars
BARS=	Specifies a variable that groups bars for a display by using ODS style colors
CHIGH(n)	Specifies the color for bars that have the n highest values
CLOW(n)	Specifies the color for bars that have the n lowest values
LABOTHER=	Specifies a label for the OTHER= category
LAST=	Specifies the bottommost category
Options for the Cumulative Percent Curve
ANCHOR=	Specifies the corner of the topmost bar to which the curve is anchored
CMPCTLABEL	Labels curve points with their values
NOCURVE	Suppresses the cumulative percentage curve
NOCUMLABEL	Suppresses the cumulative percentage axis label
NOCUMTICK	Suppresses cumulative percentage axis tick marks and tick mark labels
Options for Comparative Pareto Charts
CLASS=	Specifies classification variables
CLASSKEY=	Specifies the key cell
CPROP	Requests proportion-of-frequency bars
INTERTILE=	Specifies the distance in screen percentage units between tiles
MISSING1	Requests that missing values of the first CLASS= variable be analyzed as a level
MISSING2	Requests that missing values of the second CLASS= variable be analyzed as a level
NCOLS=	Specifies the number of columns
NOKEYMOVE	Suppresses the placement of the key cell in the top left corner
NROWS=	Specifies the number of rows
ORDER1=	Specifies the order in which values of the first CLASS= variable are displayed
ORDER2=	Specifies the order in which values of the second CLASS= variable are displayed
Options for Controlling Axes
AXISFACTOR=	Specifies the distance factor between the longest bar and the top frame
FREQAXIS=	Specifies tick mark values for the frequency axis
FREQAXISLABEL=	Labels the frequency axis
CUMAXIS=	Specifies tick mark values for the cumulative percentage axis
CUMAXISLABEL=	Specifies a label for the cumulative percentage axis
FREQOFFSET=	Specifies the frequency axis offset in screen percentage units
GRID	Adds a grid that corresponds to the frequency axis
GRID2	Adds a grid that corresponds to the cumulative percentage axis
NOCHART	Suppresses the Pareto chart
NOFREQLABEL	Suppresses the frequency axis label
NOCUMLABEL	Suppresses the cumulative percentage axis label
NOFREQTICK	Suppresses tick marks and tick mark labels for the frequency axis
NOCUMTICK	Suppresses tick marks and tick mark labels for the cumulative percentage axis
NOCATLABEL	Suppresses the category axis label
SCALE=	Specifies units in which the frequency axis is scaled
CATOFFSET=	Specifies the category axis offset in screen percentage units
Options for Reference Lines
CATREF=	Requests reference lines perpendicular to the category axis
CATREFLABELS=	Specifies labels for CATREF= lines
CUMREF=	Requests reference lines perpendicular to the cumulative percentage axis
CUMREFLABELS=	Specifies labels for CUMREF= lines
FREQREF=	Requests reference lines perpendicular to the frequency axis
FREQREFLABELS=	Specifies labels for FREQREF= lines
HREFLABPOS=	Specifies the position of FREQREFLABELS= and CUMREFLABELS= labels
VREFLABPOS=	Specifies the position of CATREFLABELS= labels
Options for Displaying Legends
BARLEGEND=	Displays a legend for the BARS=, CBARS=, or PBARS= options
BARLEGLABEL=	Displays a label for BARLEGEND= legend
CATLEGLABEL=	Specifies a label for the Pareto categories legend
CFRAMENLEG	Frames the sample size legend
HLLEGLABEL=	Displays a label for the legend that describes colors and patterns of the highest and lowest bars
NLEGEND=	Requests a sample size legend
NOHLLEG	Suppresses the legend that describes colors and patterns of the highest and lowest bars
Options for ODS Graphics Output
CATLEGEND=	Controls the display of the Pareto categories legend
CHARTTYPE=	Specifies the type of Pareto chart produced
MARKERS	Requests markers on the cumulative percentage curve
ODSFOOTNOTE=	Specifies a footnote to be displayed on the chart
ODSFOOTNOTE2=	Specifies a secondary footnote to be displayed on the chart
ODSTITLE=	Specifies a title to be displayed on the chart
ODSTITLE2=	Specifies a secondary title to be displayed on the chart
URL=	Specifies a variable whose values are URLs to be associated with bars
Options for Traditional Graphics
ANGLE=	Rotates the category axis tick mark labels
ANNOKEY	Applies annotation only to the key cell
ANNOTATE=	Specifies an annotation data set that uses frequency axis data units
ANNOTATE2=	Specifies an annotation data set that uses cumulative percentage axis data units
BARLABPOS=	Specifies the position of the BARLABEL= labels
BARWIDTH=	Specifies the width (horizontal dimension) of the bars in screen percentage units
CAXIS=	Specifies the axis color
CAXIS2=	Specifies the color for the cumulative percentage axis and tick marks
CBARLINE=	Specifies the color for bar outlines
CBARS=	Specifies the color for bars
CCATREF=	Specifies the color for CATREF= lines
CCONNECT=	Specifies the color for the curve
CCUMREF=	Specifies the color for CUMREF= lines
CFRAME=	Specifies the color for the area that is enclosed by axes and frame
CFRAMESIDE=	Specifies the frame color for row labels
CFRAMETOP=	Specifies the frame color for column labels
CFREQREF=	Specifies the color for FREQREF= lines
CGRID=	Specifies the color for the frequency axis grid lines
CGRID2=	Specifies the color for the cumulative percentage axis grid lines
CLIPREF	Draws reference lines behind bars
COTHER=	Specifies the color for the OTHER= bar
CTEXT=	Specifies the color for text
CTEXTSIDE=	Specifies the color for row labels
CTEXTTOP=	Specifies the color for column labels
CTILES=	Specifies the colors for tile backgrounds
DESCRIPTION=	Specifies a description of the Pareto chart’s GRSEG catalog entry
FONT=	Specifies the text font
FRONTREF	Draws reference lines in front of bars
HEIGHT=	Specifies the text height in screen percentage units
HTML=	Specifies a variable whose values create links that are associated with bars in traditional graphics output
INFONT=	Specifies the font for text inside frame
INHEIGHT=	Specifies the text height in screen percentage units for text inside the frame
INTERBAR=	Specifies the distance between bars in screen percentage units
LCATREF=	Specifies the line type for the CATREF= lines
LCUMREF=	Specifies the line type for the CUMREF= lines
LFREQREF=	Specifies the line type for the FREQREF= lines
LGRID=	Specifies the line type for the frequency axis grid lines
LGRID2=	Specifies the line type for the cumulative percentage axis grid lines
NAME=	Specifies the name of the Pareto chart’s GRSEG catalog entry
NOFRAME	Suppresses the axis frame
PBARS=	Specifies a pattern for the bars
PHIGH(n)=	Specifies the pattern for the bars that have the n highest values
PLOW(n)=	Specifies the pattern for the bars that have the n lowest values
POTHER=	Specifies the pattern for the OTHER= bar
TILELEGEND=	Specifies a legend for the CTILES= colors
TILELEGLABEL=	Specifies the label for the TILELEGEND= legend
TURNVLABEL	Turns and strings vertically the characters in the frequency and cumulative percentage axis labels
WAXIS=	Specifies the width in pixels for the axes and frame
WBARLINE=	Specifies the width for bar outlines
WGRID=	Specifies the width of frequency axis grid lines
WGRID2=	Specifies the width of cumulative percentage axis grid lines
Options for Legacy Line Printer Charts
CONNECTCHAR=	Specifies the plot character for the cumulative percentage curve segments
HREFCHAR=	Specifies the plot character for category reference lines
VREFCHAR=	Specifies the plot character for frequency and cumulative percentage reference lines
SYMBOLCHAR=	Specifies the plot character for points on the cumulative percentage curve