Interacting with SAS under Windows

Working within Your SAS Session

Introduction to the Docking View

The Docking View allows for easy navigation within the main SAS window. When the docking view is enabled, windows that can be docked (integrated with the main SAS window) such as the Explorer and the Results windows, appear on the left side of the main SAS window. When you open an object from a docked window, the opened object appears to the right of the docking area.

Each docked window has a tab at the bottom of the docking area for easy access to the window. When the number of docked windows is large enough so that you cannot identify the tabs, a left and right arrow are displayed for you to navigate through the docked windows.

Docking and Undocking Windows

To dock or undock individual windows:

Select the window to make it the active window.
Toggle the Docked menu item by selecting Window Docked.

For information about setting docking view preferences, see View Preferences. To use a command to dock and undock the docking view, see WDOCKVIEW Command: Windows.

Resizing the Docking View

Docked windows cannot be individually moved or resized.

To enlarge or contract the docking area:

Place the mouse pointer over the split bar between the docking area and the remaining portion of the main SAS window.
Press and hold down the left mouse button.
Move the mouse to the left or right to resize the docking area.

You can also resize the docking view by using the WDOCKVIEWRESIZE command. For more information, see Resizing the Docking View in the Main SAS Window and WDOCKVIEWRESIZE Command: Windows.

Minimizing and Restoring the Docking View

To minimize a docked window, do one of the following:

Right-click the window title and select Minimize.
Type wdockviewminimize in the command bar.

To restore the docked window, do one of the following:

Click the Docking view button on the window bar.
Type wdockviewrestore in the command bar.

For more information, see WDOCKVIEWMINIMIZE Command: Windows and WDOCKVIEWRESTORE Command: Windows.

Enabling and Disabling the Docking View

To enable or disable the docking view, do one of the following:

Type WDOCKVIEW in the command bar without any arguments to toggle the docking view.
Use the Preferences dialog box View tab:
1. SelectTools Options Preferences View
2. Select (enable) or deselect (disable) the Docking view check box.

Using the Window Bar

The window bar, similar to the Windows taskbar, is a reserved space at the bottom of the main SAS window that is used to display a button for each opened window within SAS, providing immediate access to any opened window. When you click a button in the window bar, that window becomes the active window and appears on top of all other windows. When you click the button for the active window, the window is minimized.

Each button on the window bar has a menu that is associated with it. To access the menu, place the mouse pointer over the button and click the right mouse button.

You can enable and disable the window bar by using one of the following:

the Preferences dialog box View tab
the status bar pop-up menu
the window bar pop-up menu
typing wwindowbar in the command bar.

When you place the cursor over a window bar button, a ScreenTip pops up with the name of the window, or for an editor, the name of the opened file. You enable ScreenTips by using the Preferences dialog box or by typing wscreentips in the command bar. For more information about enabling ScreenTips, see View Preferences and WSCREENTIPS Command: Windows.

By using drag-and-drop editing, you can use an application's window bar button to load a file into an application, such as the Enhanced Editor, that accepts file input. To load a file:

Drag the file on top of the application's button on the window bar, which makes the application the active window.
Drag the file to the application window.
Release the mouse button to load the file into the application.

If you attempt to drop a file onto a windowbar button, SAS issues an error message.

Using Menus

You can access SAS commands, tools, and options by selecting them from the menus at the top of the main SAS window or by using the pop-up menus within application windows. The menus display options that are available to the active window. To access a pop-up menu for a particular window, click the right mouse button anywhere within the window. The pop-up menu that appears contains the menu items that are available for that particular window.

Some SAS windows (such as the Explorer window) along with the main SAS window can contain objects that have their own pop-up menus when you right-click an object. For example, the command bar, the toolbar, and the status bar each have a pop-up menu. In these windows, the pop-up menu is specific to the selected object.

Changing the SAS Current Folder

What Is the Current Folder?

The current folder is the operating environment folder to which many but not all of the SAS commands and actions apply. The current folder is displayed in the status bar at the bottom of the main SAS window. By default, SAS uses the folder that is designated by the SASUSER system option in the SAS configuration file as the current folder when you begin your SAS session. You can specify a different default current folder by changing the Start In field that is available in the Properties tab for the SAS program shortcut or by specifying the SASINITIALFOLDER system option during SAS invocation. For more information, see SASINITIALFOLDER System Option: Windows.

Interactively Selecting a New Current Folder

There are two methods to interactively select a new folder. One method is:

Select Tools Options Change Current Folder
Select a folder from the Change Folder window.

Another method to change the SAS current folder during your SAS session is to double-click the current folder in the status bar. Then use the Change Folder dialog box (shown in the following display) to select a new current folder.

The Change Folder Dialog Box

[The Change Folder dialog box]

If you organize your files so that each project has its own folder, then this Change Folder dialog box enables you to quickly switch between projects. As you select different projects, the dialog box stores in the Folder list box the directories that you select.

Using SAS Statements to Change the Current Folder

You can change the current drive and folder by submitting the change directory (CD or CHDIR) command with the X statement in SAS. SAS intercepts the change directory command and then changes drive commands and changes its current folder.

For example, the following statements change the current folder for your SAS session to the MYDATA folder and G:\SALES\JUNE folder, respectively:

x 'cd \mydata';
x 'cd g:\sales\june';

To change the current drive, you can submit a change drive command (the drive letter followed by a colon) such as the following:

x 'a:';

Issuing SAS Commands

Using Menus to Issue Commands

Many commands are already assigned to menu items for the windows in which they apply. For example, selecting the Run menu and then selecting Submit is the same as typing submit in the command bar.

The items in the menu bar and pop-up menu vary depending on the active window.

Using the Toolbar to Issue Commands

When you start SAS, by default, the toolbar appears at the top of the main SAS window. The toolbar provides a convenient way to issue commands that you use often. The toolbar commands are specific for the active SAS window.

To submit a command by using the toolbar, click the tool button that represents the command that you need.

To learn which tools perform what commands, position the mouse pointer over a tool briefly to reveal the ScreenTip for that tool.

To undock the toolbar to use it in a separate window or to dock the window to the main SAS window

Position the mouse pointer over the toolbar (not over a tool).
Press and hold down the right mouse button.
Select Docked.

You can add or change the tools that are defined in the toolbar and customize the toolbar for an application. For more information, see Customizing the Toolbar.

Using the Command Bar to Issue Commands

The command bar, as shown in The Main SAS Window, is an integrated command line that offers a central location from which you can type any SAS command, as long as the command is valid for the active window. The command bar can also be undocked and appear in a separate window. It can be moved anywhere on your desktop. If you type a command that is not valid for the active window, an error message is displayed on the status bar.

To move your insertion point position to the command bar, press F11.

SAS stores the commands that you type in the command bar from session to session, and you can easily retrieve previously issued commands by selecting them from the command list. The default number of commands to save is 15, but you can save from 0 to 50 commands. To change the number of commands to save in the command bar

Select Tools Customize Toolbars.
Press the up or down arrow in Number of commands saved.

By default, SAS stores the commands in the order of most frequently used. To store commands in the order of most recently used

Select Tools Customize Toolbars.
Select Sort commands by most recently used.

You can also retrieve previously issued commands by using the AutoComplete feature. When you start to type in the command bar, SAS completes the command that best matches the command that you are entering. When the command that you want appears in the command bar, press ENTER. To enable AutoComplete

Select Tools Customize.
Select Use AutoComplete.
Click OK.

To dock or undock the command bar

Position the mouse pointer over the command bar (the mouse pointer should not be in the text field).
Press and hold down the right mouse button.
Select Docked.

To customize the command bar by using a command, see COMMAND Command: Windows. For more information about the Customize Tools Toolbars tab, see Setting General Toolbar Preferences.

Using the Command Line to Issue Commands

You can toggle the command line so that each window contains a command line. Commands that you enter in a window apply only to that window. For example, the INCLUDE command applies in the Enhanced Editor window, but not in the Log window.

To toggle the command line use the COMMAND command without arguments. You can also select Command Line from the Preferences dialog box View tab.

For more information, see Setting Session Preferences and COMMAND Command: Windows.

Sending E-Mail Using SAS

Overview of Sending E-Mail

You can use SAS to send electronic mail either interactively (using a dialog box) or programmatically (using SAS statements in a DATA step or SCL). SAS supports three types of electronic mail interfaces:

MAPI (Mail API, such as Microsoft Exchange, and Lotus Notes)
VIM (Vendor Independent Mail, such as Lotus Notes)
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol).

You might need to install an e-mail client that supports one of these protocols before you can use SAS e-mail support. Also, although you can use SAS to send messages, you must use your e-mail program to view or read messages.

When you send mail interactively, SAS automatically includes the contents of the active window as an attachment to your e-mail. Depending on the contents of the active window, the attachment can be a text file (.TXT), a bitmap (.BMP), an HTML file (.HTML), or an RTF file (.RTF).

SMTP is available only by using the FILENAME statement for e-mail. If you specify SMTP as the e-mail system in the EMAILSYS system option and you are using an e-mail dialog box, the MAPI e-mail system is used. For information about using SMTP, see SAS Language Reference: Concepts as well as FILENAME Statement, EMAIL (SMTP) Access Method, the EMAILHOST system option, and the EMAILPORT system option.

Initializing E-Mail

To send e-mail from within SAS, use the following system options that are appropriate for your e-mail system in the SAS configuration file or when you invoke your SAS session:

-EMAILSYS MAPI | VIM | SMTP

specifies which e-mail interface to use. By default, SAS uses MAPI. The SMTP interface is available only when you send e-mail programmatically. SMTP is not available when you use either your e-mail program native dialog box or the SAS e-mail dialog box.

Note: The directory that contains the e-mail DLL file (for example, MAPI32.DLL or VIM32.DLL) must be specified in your Windows PATH environment variable. SAS will use the first e-mail DLL that it finds for the interface that you specify. [cautionend]

-EMAILDLG NATIVE | SAS

specifies whether to use the native e-mail interactive dialog box that is provided by your e-mail application or the e-mail interface that is provided by SAS. SAS uses the native dialog box by default.

-EMAILHOST SMTP server

specifies the domain name for the SMTP server that supports e-mail access for your site. This option is necessary only if you are using the SMTP e-mail interface.

-EMAILAUTHPROTOCOL authorization protocol

specifies the authorization protocol to use in SMTP e-mail. The default authorization protocol is LOGIN.

-EMAILID VIM e-mail login ID | MAPI profile | e-mail address

specifies either your VIM e-mail login ID, the MAPI profile that you use to access the underlying e-mail system, or a fully qualified e-mail address if you are using SMTP. If any of these values contain spaces, you must enclose them in double quotation marks.

-EMAILPORT port number

specifies the port number to which the SMTP server is attached. This option is necessary only if you are using the SMTP e-mail interface.

-EMAILPW "password"

specifies your e-mail login password, where password is the login password for your login name. If password contains spaces, you must enclose the password in double quotation marks.

For example, if your login ID is J.B. Smith and your password is rosebud , your SAS invocation might look like this:

c:\sas\sas.exe -emailsys vim 
               -emailid "J.B. Smith" 
               -emailpw rosebud

Using Your E-Mail Software to Send Mail

The default value of the EMAILDLG system option is NATIVE, which enables you to use your own e-mail software when you send e-mail interactively from within SAS. To send e-mail by using your own e-mail software, do one of the following:

Select File Send Mail.
Type DLGSMAIL in the command bar.

Your e-mail software provides the interface to send mail.

Using the SAS Send Mail Dialog Box

If the value of the EMAILDLG system option is set to SAS, you can send electronic mail by using the Send Mail dialog box that is provided by SAS, as shown in the display.

To send e-mail system by using the SAS Send Mail dialog box, select File Send Mail.

Send Mail Dialog Box

[The Send Mail dialog box]

The Send Mail dialog box contains the following fields:

To

the primary recipients of your e-mail. You must specify one or more e-mail addresses that are valid for your mail system before you can send e-mail. Separate multiple recipients with a semicolon (;).

Cc

the e-mail addresses of any users that you want to receive a copy of the mail that you are sending. You can leave this field blank if you want. Separate multiple recipients with a semicolon (;).

Bcc

specifies the recipients who will receive a copy of the e-mail. These addresses will not be visible to those individuals in the TO and CC options.

Subject

the subject of your message. You can leave this field blank.

Note

the body of your message. You can copy text from SAS application windows or other Windows applications and paste it here (using the CTRL+C and CTRL+V accelerator key combinations). If your note text exceeds the window space that is provided, you can scroll backward and forward by using the arrow keys, or you can use the PgUp and PgDn keys.

Some e-mail systems currently limit the note length to 32K (or 32,768 characters). Text that you type in the Note area will automatically wrap at the right side.

For large amounts of text, attach a text file as described below.

Attachments

icons and names of any files that you want to send with the message. You or the recipient can open an attached file by double-clicking its icon, provided that its file extension has a File Manager association with a Windows application (for example, the .TXT extension might be associated with Notepad).

To open a file selection dialog box that you can use to select files to attach, click Attach File.

To remove an attachment, select the file's icon in the Attachments field and click Remove.

Note: The attached files are sent as they exist on the disk; that is, if you edit a file before attaching it to an e-mail message, the saved version of the file is sent with the message. [cautionend]

To verify whether the addresses that you specified in the To and Cc fields are valid, click Check Names. If one or more of the addresses is ambiguous (that is, the mail program cannot locate them in the address books) SAS displays an error message and highlights the first ambiguous address.

Note that an ambiguous address is not necessarily invalid. It is possible to send mail to recipients who are outside your immediate local-area-network (LAN) by using gateways, even though the addresses might not be resolved by using Check Names.

Whether an address is considered invalid or ambiguous depends on the e-mail program that you are using and on the configuration of your network. For example, suppose you want to send e-mail to a colleague on the Internet. Your LAN might have a gateway to the Internet that enables you to address the mail to JBrown@rhythm.com at Internet (where at is the gateway directive keyword and Internet is the name of a gateway on your LAN). Because your mail program uses the at keyword to direct your message to the Internet gateway, the address is considered valid. However, when you click Check Names, the address is considered ambiguous because the final destination address cannot be resolved by using the local address book. You can still click Send to send the message without an error.

Clicking Address invokes the address book facility for your e-mail program, provided that the facility is accessible.

Sending the Contents of a Window by E-mail

When you send mail from within SAS, SAS automatically attaches to the e-mail the contents of the active window. The type of file that SAS creates depends on the active window:

File Type for E-mail Messages (by Active Window)
File Type	Active Window
.txt	Log Output Enhanced Editor Program Editor
.bmp	Explorer Graphics Results
.htm	Results Viewer window and the output type is HTML
.rtf	Results Viewer window and the output type is RTF

Using the DATA Step or SCL to Send E-mail

By using the EMAIL access method, you can use the DATA step or SCL to send electronic mail from within SAS. This method has several advantages:

You can use the logic of the DATA step or SCL to subset e-mail distribution based on a large data set of e-mail addresses.
You can automatically send e-mail upon completion of a SAS program that you submitted for batch processing.
You can direct output through e-mail based on the results of processing.
You can send e-mail messages from within a SAS/AF FRAME application, customizing the user interface.

In general, DATA step or SCL code that sends electronic mail has the following components:

a FILENAME statement that contains the EMAIL device-type keyword
options that are specified in the FILENAME or FILE statement that indicate the e-mail recipients, subject, and any attached files
PUT statements that contain the body of the message
PUT statements that contain special e-mail directives (of the form !EM_directive!) that can override the e-mail attributes (TO, CC, BCC, SUBJECT, ATTACH) or perform actions (such as SEND, ABORT, and NEWMSG).

To send e-mail by using the DATA step or SCL, you must be signed on to your e-mail program.

The FILENAME statement syntax to send e-mail is

FILENAME fileref EMAIL 'address' <email-options>;

where

fileref

is a valid fileref.

EMAIL

is the device-type keyword that indicates that you want to use e-mail.

'address'

is the valid destination e-mail address that you want to send mail to. You must enclose the address in quotation marks. Specifying an address as a FILENAME statement argument is optional if you specify the TO= e-mail option or the PUT statement !EM_TO! directive, which will override an address specification.

email-options

can be any of the following:

Note: Each e-mail option can be specified only in a FILENAME statement that overrides the corresponding SAS system option. [cautionend]

EMAILID= e-mail login ID | MAPI profile | e-mail address

specifies your e-mail login ID, MAPI profile name or your SMTP e-mail address that is used to access the underlying e-mail system. If you specify MAPI in the EMAILSYS system option, specify your profile name. If the value contains a space, enclose the name in double quotation marks. This e-mail option can be specified in the FILENAME statement that overrides the SAS system option.

EMAILPW="password"

specifies your e-mail login password, where password is the login password for your login name. If password contains a space, enclose it in double quotation marks. This e-mail option can be specified in the FILENAME statement that overrides the SAS system option.

EMAILSYS=MAPI | VIM | SMTP

SAS supports three types of e-mail interfaces:

MAPI: Mail API is the interface that is supported by Windows operating environments, which is used by Microsoft Exchange. MAPI is the default.
VIM: Vendor Independent Mail, such as Lotus Notes.
SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.

TO=to-address

specifies the primary recipients of the e-mail. If an address contains more than one word, you must enclose the address in double quotation marks. If you want to specify more than one address, you must enclose the group of addresses in parentheses and each address in double quotation marks. For example, valid TO values are

to="John Smith"
to=("J. Callahan" "P. Sledge")

CC=cc-address

specifies the recipients who will receive a copy of the e-mail. If an address contains more than one word, you must enclose the address in double quotation marks. If you want to specify more than one address, you must enclose the group of addresses in parentheses and each address in double quotation marks. For example, valid CC values are

cc="John Smith"
cc=("J. Callahan" "P. Sledge")

BCC=bcc-address

specifies the recipients who will receive a copy of the e-mail. These addresses will not be visible to those individuals in the TO and CC options. If an address contains more than one word, you must enclose the address in double quotation marks. If you want to specify more than one address, you must enclose the group of addresses in parentheses and each address in double quotation marks. For example, valid BCC values are

bcc="John Smith"
bcc=("J. Callahan" "P. Sledge")

SUBJECT=subject

specifies the subject of the message. If the subject text is longer than one word (that is, it contains at least one blank space), you must enclose the text in double quotation marks. You must also use quotation marks if the subject contains any special characters. For example, subject=Sales and subject="June Report" are valid subjects.

ATTACH=filename.ext ATTACH=(filename.ext <LRECL=record-length> <RECFM=record-format>)

filename.ext

specifies the full path and filename of one or more files to attach to the message.

LRECL=record-length

specifies the record length (in bytes). Under Windows, the default is 256. The value of record-length can range from 1 to 1,073,741,823 (1 gigabyte).

RECFM=record-format

controls the record format. The following values are valid under Windows:

F	indicates fixed format.
N	indicates binary format and causes the file to be treated as a byte stream.
P	indicates print format.
V \| D	indicates variable format. This is the default.

If you want to attach more than one file or if you want to specify a record length and record format, you must enclose the group of filenames in parentheses and each filename in double quotation marks. For example, valid values for file attachments are

attach=opinion.txt
attach=("june2004.txt" "july2004.txt")
attach=("home.html" recfm=v lrecl=372);

If your e-mail system is SMTP, see FILENAME Statement, EMAIL (SMTP) Access Method in SAS Language Reference: Dictionary for additional ATTACH arguments.

Options that you specify in a FILE statement override any corresponding options that you specified in the FILENAME statement. In your DATA step, after using the FILE statement to define your e-mail fileref as the output destination, use PUT statements to define the body of the message. For an example of using e-mail options in the FILE statement, see Attaching a File and Specifying Options in the FILE Statement.

You can also use PUT statements to specify e-mail directives that change the attributes of your electronic message or perform actions with it. You can specify only one directive in each PUT statement; each PUT statement can contain only the text that is associated with the directive that it specifies. The following are the directives that change your message attributes:

!EM_TO! addresses: replaces the current primary recipient addresses with addresses. If a single address contains more than one word, you must enclose that address in quotation marks. If you want to specify more than one address, you must enclose each address in quotation marks and the group of addresses in parentheses.
!EM_CC! addresses: replaces the current copied recipient addresses with addresses. If you want to specify more than one address, you must enclose each address in quotation marks and the group of addresses in parentheses.
!EM_BCC! addresses: replaces the current copied recipient addresses with addresses. These recipients are not visible to the !EM_TO! or !EM_CC! addresses. If you want to specify more than one address, you must enclose each address in quotation marks and the group of addresses in parentheses.
!EM_SUBJECT! 'subject': replaces the current subject of the message with subject.
!EM_ATTACH! filename.ext: replaces the names of any attached files with filename.ext. If you want to specify more than one file, you must enclose each filename in quotation marks and the group of filenames in parentheses.

Here are the directives that perform actions:

!EM_SEND!: sends the message with the current attributes. By default, SAS sends a message when the fileref is closed. The fileref closes when the next FILE statement is encountered or the DATA step ends. If you use this directive, SAS sends the message when it encounters the directive, and again at the end of the DATA step. This directive is useful for writing DATA step programs that conditionally send messages or use a loop to send multiple messages.
!EM_ABORT!: abends the current message. You can use this directive to stop SAS from automatically sending the message at the end of the DATA step. By default, SAS sends a message for each FILE statement.
!EM_NEWMSG!: clears all attributes of the current message that were set by using PUT statement directives.

Example of Sending E-Mail from the DATA Step

Suppose you want to share a copy of your SAS configuration file with your coworker Jim, whose user ID is JBrown . The following example code shows how to send the file with the DATA step.

Sending a File with the DATA Step

filename mymail email "JBrown"
         subject="My SASV9.CFG file"
         attach="c:\sas\sasV9.cfg";
data _null_;
   file mymail;
   put 'Jim,';
   put 'This is my SAS configuration file.';
   put 'I think you might like the';
   put 'new options I added.';
run;

The following example code sends a message and attaches a file to multiple recipients, and specifies the e-mail options in the FILE statement instead of the FILENAME statement.

Attaching a File and Specifying Options in the FILE Statement

filename outbox email "Ron B";
data _null_;
   file outbox
   /* Overrides value in */ 
   /* filename statement */
   to=("Ron B" "Lisa D")
   cc=("Margaret Z" "Lenny P")
   subject="My SAS output"
   attach="c:\sas\results.out"
   ;
   put 'Folks,';
   put 'Attached is my output from the SAS';
   put 'program I ran last night.'; 
   put 'It worked great!';
run;

You can use conditional logic in the DATA step to send multiple messages and control which recipients get which message. For example, suppose you want to send customized reports to members of two different departments. The following example code shows such a DATA step.

Sending Customized Messages Using the DATA Step

filename reports email "Jim";
data _null_;
   file reports;
   length name dept $ 21;
   input name dept;
   /* Assign the TO attribute */
   put '!EM_TO!' name;  
   /* Assign the SUBJECT attribute */
   put '!EM_SUBJECT! Report for ' dept; 
   put name ',';
   put 'Here is the latest report for ' dept '.';
   if dept='marketing' then
      put '!EM_ATTACH! c:\mktrept.txt';
   else  /* ATTACH the appropriate report */
      put '!EM_ATTACH! c:\devrept.txt';

    /* Send the message. */
    put '!EM_SEND!'; 
    /* Clear the message attributes.*/
    put '!EM_NEWMSG!'; 
    /* Abort the message before the */
    /* RUN statement causes it to   */
    /* be sent again.               */
    put '!EM_ABORT!';  
    cards;
Susan          marketing
Jim            marketing
Rita           development
Herb           development
;
run;

The resulting e-mail message, and its attachments, are dependent on the department to which the recipient belongs.

Note: You must use the !EM_NEWMSG! directive to clear the message attributes between recipients. The !EM_ABORT! directive prevents the message from being automatically sent at the end of the DATA step. [cautionend]

The following example code shows how to send a message and attach a file to multiple recipients. It specifies the e-mail options in the FILENAME statement instead of in the FILE statement. This method will override the values for the SAS system options EMAILID, EMAILPW, and EMAILSYS.

Overriding SAS System Options

filename outbox email "Ron B" emailsys=VIM 
 emailpw="mypassword" emailid="myuserid";
data _null_;
  file outbox
        /* Overrides value in */ 
        /* filename statement */
     to=("Ron B" "Lisa D")
     cc=("Margaret Z" "Lenny P")
     subject="My SAS output"
     attach="c:\sas\results.out"
     ;
  put 'Folks,';
  put 'Attached is my output from the SAS';
  put 'program I ran last night.'; 
  put 'It worked great!';
run;

Example of Sending E-Mail Using SCL Code

The following example is the SCL code that generates a FRAME entry that is designed for e-mail. The FRAME entry might look similar to the one shown in the following display.

An Example E-Mail FRAME Entry

[An example e-mail FRAME entry]

The FRAME entry has objects that enable the user to type the following information:

MAILTO	the user ID to send mail to.
COPYTO	the user ID to copy (CC) the mail to.
ATTACH	the name of a file to attach.
SUBJECT	the subject of the mail.
LINE1	the text of the message.

The following example code shows the FRAME entry that also contains SEND button that invokes this SCL code (marked by the send label).

Invoking SCL Code from a FRAME Entry

send:
   /* set up a fileref */
   rc = filename('mailit','userid','email');
   /* if the fileref was successfully set up, 
      open the file to write to */
   if rc = 0 then do;
      fid = fopen('mailit','o');
      if fid > 0 then do;
       /* fput statements are used to
          implement writing the mail and 
          the components such as subject,
          who to mail to, etc. */
   fputrc1= fput(fid,line1);
   rc = fwrite(fid);
   fputrc2= fput(fid,'!EM_TO! '||mailto);
   rc = fwrite(fid);
   fputrc3= fput(fid,'!EM_CC! '||copyto);
   rc = fwrite(fid);
   fputrc4= fput(fid,'!EM_ATTACH! '||attach);
   rc = fwrite(fid);
   fputrc5= fput(fid,'!EM_SUBJECT! '||subject);
   rc = fwrite(fid);
   closerc= fclose(fid);
      end;
   end;
return;
cancel:
   call execcmd('end');
return;

Example of Sending E-Mail Using SMTP

The following examples show how you can send e-mail by using SMTP from a DATA step and how you can send your ODS HTML output as HTML and not as an attachment to your e-mail.

To use SMTP you need an SMTP e-mail server that you can access.

To configure SAS to use SMTP, add these system options to your configuration file:

-emailsys SMTP
-emailhost your.email.server.com
-emailport 25.

Ask your system administrator for the location of your.email.server.com. Port 25 is the most common port.

The following code uses the FILENAME statement and a DATA step to send e-mail:

filename mymail email from="yourid@email.com"
                      to="id1@.emailaddr.com" "id2@emailaddr.com")
                      subject="Put Subject Here"
                      content_type="text/html";
data _null_;
   file mymail;
   put 'hello world';
run;
quit;

You can also send an attachment by using the ATTACH e-mail option in the FILENAME statement. Compress non-textual attachments such as SAS data sets, bitmap files, and HTML files before using the ATTACH e-mail option.

You can also use SMTP to send HTML output without using an attachment:

filename temp1 email to=("yourid@email.com")
                     from="wileycoyote@acme.com"
                     subject="HTML OUTPUT"
                     content_type="text/html";
ods html body=temp1 style=default;
proc print data=sashelp.class;
run;
ods html close;

Saving Windows to External Files

You can save any text editor window, such as the Enhanced Editor window, the Program Editor window, or other SAS windows, such as the Log, Output, or Results Viewer windows to an external file.

To save the contents of the active window to a file:

Either click the Save button (the diskette) or select the File menu and select Save. If you have previously saved the contents of this window to a file (and the filename is part of the window title), SAS saves the contents to the file that you specified previously. If you have not saved the window contents during this session, then SAS displays the Save As dialog box.

If you have previously saved the window contents but now want to save the window contents to a different file, type dlgsave in the command bar or select File Save As.

CAUTION:
Using Save instead of Save As from the File menu to save a file causes SAS to overwrite or append the file.
Always use Save As when you want to save the contents of the editor to a new file. If you open a text file in the editor window, whether you use the Open dialog box or the INCLUDE command, the editor title bar displays the name of the file that you opened. When you select the File menu and then the Save item, SAS overwrites or appends the file of that name with the current contents of the editor.
Select or name the file in which to store the window contents. You can also select a file type from the Save file as type list. SAS saves most file types as plain text and assigns different file extensions based on the type you select; the exception is the RTF file type, which SAS saves in rich text format (RTF).

If you select a file type from the list, SAS remembers that selection and presents it as the default type the next time that you save a new file in that window.

Clearing the Window and Filename

To clear a SAS window of its contents and saved filename (if it has one), do one of the following

Press CTRL + E
Select Clear All from the Edit menu
Click the New (the blank page) button
Select the File menu and select either New or New Program
Type CLEAR in the command bar and press ENTER.

If the contents of the window have not been saved, SAS prompts you to save the contents before it clears the window.

Defining Keys

To display the key definitions that are active for the SAS session (that is, the DMKEYS entry in your Sasuser.Profile catalog), either type KEYS in the command bar or select Tools Options Keys. These key definitions apply to the basic SAS windows, such as the Enhanced Editor, Output, and Log windows. For a list of default keys, see Default Key Definitions under Windows and Keyboard Shortcuts within the Enhanced Editor.

To define or redefine a key within SAS:

Click the mouse pointer in the Definition column across from the key or mouse button that you want to define.
Type the command or commands that you want to associate with that key or button.

The definition must be a valid SAS command or sequence of commands. When you specify a sequence of commands, separate the commands with a semicolon ( ; ). For example, if you want to define the Ctrl + H key sequence to maximize a window and recall the last submitted program, specify the following commands in the Definitions column next to CTL H:

zoom; recall

SAS does not check the syntax of a command until it is used (that is, when the key is pressed). If you misspell a command or type an incorrect command, you do not discover your error until you use the key and receive an error message that indicates that the command was unrecognized.

Key definitions are stored in your Sasuser.Profile catalog. SAS creates a Profile catalog each time you invoke SAS with a different value for the SASUSER option. Changes that you make to one Profile catalog are not reflected in any other catalog. However, you can use the COPY command from the KEYS window or the CATALOG procedure to copy key definition members to other Profile catalogs. For more information, see the CATALOG procedure in Base SAS Procedures Guide.

Although SAS enables you to define any key that is listed in the KEYS window, Windows reserves some keys for itself to maintain conformity among Windows applications. These reserved keys are not shown in the KEYS window.

Other SAS products have their own key definitions. Use the menus in the specific product window to access key definitions for specific products.

Navigating with Microsoft IntelliMouse

SAS provides support for the Microsoft IntelliMouse. The IntelliMouse is a modified mouse that includes a rotation wheel (wheel control) that enables new forms of navigation. The IntelliMouse works within the SAS windows that use a vertical scroll bar to scroll the window contents.

With the IntelliMouse, you can use the mouse to scroll instead of interacting with the navigational controls in the SAS windows. To scroll with the IntelliMouse, you rotate the wheel control forward or backward, which is equivalent to pressing the up arrow or down arrow on the scroll bar.

The IntelliMouse also supports AutoScroll. To initiate AutoScroll, click the mouse wheel and then move the mouse away from the origination point. The contents of the window starts to scroll in the direction that you move the mouse. The farther away you move the mouse from the origination point, the faster the contents scroll. Pressing a key, clicking a mouse button, or rotating the mouse wheel terminate AutoScroll mode.

You can modify IntelliMouse settings through the Windows Control Panel mouse settings. For more information about IntelliMouse, see the Microsoft documentation.

Using the Clipboard

The Windows clipboard enables you to exchange text and graphics between applications. You can also submit SAS code that is stored on the clipboard. The clipboard uses operating environment memory as an intermediate storage buffer for exchanging text and graphics. With the clipboard, you can move text between

windows within SAS
SAS and other Windows applications
two SAS sessions
two SAS processes.

SAS communicates with the clipboard using these formats:

SAS text format: preserves the text and color attributes between SAS sessions. This format is understood by SAS, but not by other Windows applications.
Windows text format: is understood by most Windows applications and is called the ANSI text format.
RTF text format: encapsulates text font and highlighting attributes when copying text between applications that both support RTF format. SAS can cut and copy text in RTF format; you cannot paste RTF text into a SAS window.
Unicode text format: is a universal text format that can represent all possible characters. The format is also referred to as a wide-character format. For more information about this text format, see your Microsoft documentation.
Windows bitmap format: is for graphics. This format is understood by most Windows applications and is called the BITMAP format.
Windows metafile (WMF) format: is used in many SAS applications, such as the Graphics Editor in SAS/GRAPH software, SAS/QC software's ISHIKAWA procedure, and SAS/INSIGHT software. The metafile format provides more information about the image than the bitmap format and is sometimes called the PICTURE format.
DIB (Device Independent Bitmap) format: is used with color bitmap files. When a bitmap is stored in the DIB format, colors correspond correctly from one device to another.

These formats enable you to copy text and SAS bitmapped information (for example, from a graphic) to another application. You can also use the Print Screen and ALT+ Print Screen keys to copy information from your SAS session to the clipboard. Pressing the Print Screen key places the entire display in bitmap form on the clipboard. Pressing ALT+Print Screen places just the SAS session (including any menus and scroll bars) or the active dialog box (if any) on the clipboard.

You can use the clipboard only if both the source and destination applications provide support for the clipboard facility and for the format you are using. Note that whereas some operating environments allow multiple paste buffers, SAS uses the Windows clipboard, which is a single buffer.

Selecting and Copying Text

For windows that contain text, such as the Enhanced Editor, Notepad, Log, Output, and KEYS windows, you can hold down either the left mouse button or ALT + the left mouse button and drag the mouse to mark the area that you want to cut or copy. Holding down the left mouse button when you are selecting multiple lines selects whole lines of text. Holding down ALT + the left mouse button selects a rectangular block or column of text. The text area is immediately marked in reverse video while you are dragging the mouse. In text windows, you can scroll while you are dragging the mouse by moving the mouse pointer beyond the border of the window in the direction that you want to scroll. To extend the selection of a text area, use the SHIFT key + the left mouse button. Release the mouse button when you have included all the text you want to copy.

To copy marked text to the clipboard, do one of the following:

press Ctrl + C
click the Copy button (the double document)
select the Edit menu and then select Copy.

To paste text that is stored on the clipboard, position the insertion pointer in a text area of a window and do one of the following:

press Ctrl + V
click the Paste button (the clipboard and document)
select the Edit menu and then select Paste.

The text from the clipboard is pasted to the area that you indicate. If there is already an area of selected text within the target window, the selected text is replaced with contents of the clipboard. You can paste text only into SAS windows that accept text input, such as the Enhanced Editor or the SAS Notepad.

Selecting and Copying in Nontext Windows

For windows such as SAS/GRAPH windows, an area is marked by a box, not by reverse video. The box indicates that the area you are marking is in bitmap format. After you finish marking an area, you can copy it to the clipboard. If the window you are working in has no Edit pop-up menu, you can use the following key combinations to perform the copy and paste functions:

CTRL+C	copies the selection to the clipboard.
CTRL+V	pastes the contents of the clipboard.

Pasting Bitmapped Information into Your SAS Session

Some windows, such as the BUILD: DISPLAY window for FRAME entries in SAS/AF software, allow you to paste bitmaps into the window. For more information, see Pasting an OLE Object from the Clipboard.

Also, you can paste bitmaps into the SAS/GRAPH window to import graphics. For more information, see Importing Graphics from Other Applications.

Submitting SAS Code from the Clipboard

SAS enables you to use the Windows clipboard to submit SAS code. This feature can be used to copy or cut SAS code from another application, such as the Windows Notepad or another text editor, and submit it to SAS for execution. This feature is also convenient for submitting the sample programs that are available in SAS Help and Documentation.

To submit SAS code that is stored on the clipboard, select the Run menu and then select Submit clipboard when the Enhanced Editor window or the Program Editor window is active. Alternatively, you can use the GSUBMIT command from the command line, with the following syntax:

gsubmit buf=default

The GSUBMIT command can be used to submit SAS code that stored on the clipboard even if the editor window is not the active window (or is closed). If you use the GSUBMIT command often, you can define an icon for the command in the toolbar, or assign the GSUBMIT command to a function key. For more information about how to define buttons, see Customizing the Toolbar.

If you submit SAS code from the Windows clipboard while a procedure RUN group is active, the submit will fail. You can submit this code by copying the code to a new Enhanced Editor window and then submitting the code.

Creating Text Highlighting and Special Characters

Special Character Attributes

The SAS Notepad and SAS/AF applications let you use extended color and highlight attributes for text. To access these attributes, press the ESC key and the appropriate letter or number to toggle a color or attribute. With this feature, you can alter the color or attributes of entire lines or individual words or letters. Valid colors and attributes, as well as the keys that you use to implement them, are listed in Extended Color Key Sequences and Extended Attribute Key Sequences. You can type the letters for the colors in either uppercase or lowercase letters.

Extended Color Key Sequences
Key	Color	Key	Color
ESC+A	gray	ESC+B	blue
ESC+C	cyan	ESC+G	green
ESC+K	black	ESC+M	magenta
ESC+N	brown	ESC+O	orange
ESC+P	pink	ESC+R	red
ESC+W	white	ESC+Y	yellow

Extended Attribute Key Sequences
Key	Description
ESC+0	turns off all highlighting attributes.
ESC+2	turns on the underline attribute.
ESC+3	turns on the reverse-video attribute.

Alternate ASCII Characters

If you want to create alternate ASCII characters such as foreign language characters, you can use the ALT key in combination with the ASCII character code. Use the numeric keypad and press the Num Lock key to enter the character code. For a list of ASCII character codes and instructions about how to use the ALT key sequences, see your Microsoft documentation.

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