Example Program and Statement Details

Example Graph

The following graph was generated by the Example Program:

Example Program

proc template; 
  define statgraph bihistogram; 
    begingraph; 
      entrytitle "Distribution of Height and Weight";
      entryfootnote halign=right "SASHELP.HEART"; 
      layout overlay3d / cube=false zaxisopts=(griddisplay=on);
        bihistogram3dparm x=height y=weight z=count / display=all; 
      endlayout; 
    endgraph; 
  end; 
run;  

data heart;
  set sashelp.heart(keep=height weight);
    if height ne . and weight ne .; 
  height=round(height,5);
  weight=round(weight,25);
run;

proc summary data=heart nway completetypes; 
  class height weight;
  var height;
  output out=stats(keep=height weight count) N=Count;
run;

proc sgrender data=stats template=bihistogram;
run;

Statement Summary

The BIHISTOGRAM3DPARM statement does not perform a binning computation on the input columns. Thus, you must pre-bin the data. In addition, input data for the statement must be binned by both X and Y. That is, the values for the X column and the Y column must form a complete, rectangular grid of bins. Input data with non-binned columns should be preprocessed with PROC KDE (SAS/STAT), which enables you to set the number of bins for X and Y. Or the data can be preprocessed with a technique similar to the example, where a pre-defined bin width is used.

The input data for Z= column must be nonnegative. In the graph display, the direction of the Z axis is upwards rather than outwards.

The BIHISTOGRAM3DPARM statement must be specified within a LAYOUT OVERLAY3D statement and cannot be nested under an OVERLAY, OVERLAYEQUATED, or PROTOTYPE layout.

BIHISTOGRAM3DPARM does not support the tooltips that are enabled by the IMAGEMAP= option in the ODS GRAPHICS statement.

Required Arguments

X=numeric-column | expression

specifies the bin location of the numeric X values.

Y=numeric-column | expression

specifies the bin location of the numeric Y values.

Z=non-negative-numeric-column | expression

specifies the response values, such as the frequency counts, percentages, or densities.

Options

Statement Option	Description
BINAXIS	Specifies whether to use bins as the basis for axis tick marks for the X and Y axes.
DATATRANSPARENCY	Specifies the degree of the transparency of the bins.
DISPLAY	Specifies whether to display outlined bins, filled bins, or outlined and filled bins.
ENDLABELS	Specifies whether labels are drawn at the endpoints of the X bins and Y bins.
FILLATTRS	Specifies the appearance of the filled bins.
LEGENDLABEL	Specifies a label for use in the legend.
NAME	Assigns a name to a plot statement for reference in other template statements.
OUTLINEATTRS	Specifies the appearance of the bin outlines.
PRIMARY	Specifies that the data columns for this plot and the plot type be used for determining default axis features.
XVALUES	Specifies whether the X values represent midpoints, lower endpoints, or upper endpoints of the bins.
YVALUES	Specifies whether the Y values represent midpoints, lower endpoints, or upper endpoints of the bins.

BINAXIS=boolean

specifies whether to use bins as the basis for the X and Y axis tick marks.

Default: TRUE

FALSE

Standard axes are used, ignoring bin boundaries and midpoints set by the ENDLABELS= option.

TRUE

The ENDLABELS= option determines how the axis ticks and value labels are displayed. Some axis options for the X- and Y-axes might not apply.

Interaction: For this option to take effect, this plot must be the primary plot in the parent OVERLAY3D layout. For more information, see the PRIMARY= option.

DATATRANSPARENCY=number

specifies the degree of the transparency of the bins.

Default: 0

Range: 0 (opaque) to 1 (entirely transparent)

DISPLAY=STANDARD | ALL | ( display-options )

specifies whether to display outlined bins, filled bins, or outlined and filled bins.

Default: STANDARD

STANDARD

displays filled bins with no outlines.

ALL

displays outlined, filled bins.

(display-options)

a list of options, enclosed in parentheses, that must include at least one of the following:

OUTLINE—displays outlined bins

FILL—displays filled bins

Use the OUTLINEATTRS= and FILLATTRS= options to control the appearance of the bins.

ENDLABELS=boolean

specifies whether labels are drawn at the endpoints of the X bins and Y bins.

Default: FALSE. Labels are drawn at the X bin and Y bin midpoints.

Interaction: For this option to take effect, this plot must be the primary plot in the parent OVERLAY3D layout. For more information, see the PRIMARY= option.

Interaction: This option is ignored if BINAXIS=FALSE. By default, BINAXIS=TRUE.

FILLATTRS=style-element | style-element (fill-options) | (fill-options)

specifies the appearance of the filled bins. See General Syntax for Attribute Options for the syntax on using a style-element and Fill Options for available fill-options.

Default: The GraphDataDefault style element.

LEGENDLABEL= "string"

specifies a label for the legend.

Default: The string specified on the NAME= option.

NAME="string"

assigns a name to a plot statement for reference in other template statements.

Default: no default

Restriction: The string is case sensitive, cannot contain spaces, and must define a unique name within the template.

Interaction: The string is used as the default legend label if the LEGENDLABEL= option is not used.

The specified name is used primarily in legend statements to coordinate the use of colors and line patterns between the graph and the legend.

OUTLINEATTRS=style-element | style-element (line-options) | (line-options)

specifies the appearance of the bin outlines. See General Syntax for Attribute Options for the syntax on using a style-element and Line Options for available line-options.

Default: The GraphOutlines style element.

PRIMARY=boolean

specifies that the data columns for this plot and the plot type be used for determining default axis features.

Default: FALSE

Restriction: This option is ignored if the plot is placed under a GRIDDED or LATTICE layout block.

Details: This option is needed only when two or more plots within an overlay-type layout contribute to a common axis. For more information, see When Plots Share Data and a Common Axis.

XVALUES= MIDPOINTS | LEFTPOINTS | RIGHTPOINTS

specifies whether the input X values represent midpoints, lower endpoints, or upper endpoints of the bins.

Default: MIDPOINTS

YVALUES= MIDPOINTS | LEFTPOINTS | RIGHTPOINTS

specifies whether the input Y values represent midpoints, lower endpoints, or upper endpoints of the bins.

Default: MIDPOINTS