The HPSUMMARY Procedure

PROC HPSUMMARY excludes missing values for the analysis variables before calculating statistics. Each analysis variable is treated individually; a missing value for an observation in one variable does not affect the calculations for other variables. PROC HPSUMMARY handles missing values as follows:

PROC HPSUMMARY tabulates the number of the missing values. Before the number of missing values are tabulated, PROC HPSUMMARY excludes observations with frequencies that are nonpositive when you use the FREQ statement and observations with weights that are missing or nonpositive (when you use the EXCLNPWGT option) when you use the WEIGHT statement. To report this information in the procedure output use the NMISS statistic-keyword in the PROC HPSUMMARY statement.

By default when you use a CLASS statement, PROC HPSUMMARY displays an additional statistic called N Obs. This statistic reports the total number of observations or the sum of the observations of the FREQ variable that PROC HPSUMMARY processes for each class level. PROC HPSUMMARY might omit observations from this total because of missing values in one or more classification variables. Because of this action and the exclusion of observations when the weight-variable (specified in the WEIGHT statement or in the WEIGHT= option in the VAR statement) contains missing values, there is not always a direct relationship between N Obs, N, and NMISS.

In the output data set, the value of N Obs is stored in the _FREQ_ variable.

PROC HPSUMMARY creates one output data set. The procedure does not print the output data set. Use the PRINT procedure, the REPORT procedure, or another SAS reporting tool to display the output data set.

Note: By default, the statistics in the output data set automatically inherit the analysis variable’s format and label. However, statistics computed for N, NMISS, SUMWGT, USS, CSS, VAR, CV, T, PROBT, PRT, SKEWNESS, and KURTOSIS do not inherit the analysis variable’s format because this format can be invalid for these statistics.

The output data set can contain these variables:

The value of _TYPE_ indicates which combination of the classification variables PROC HPSUMMARY uses to compute the statistics. The character value of _TYPE_ is a series of zeros and ones, where each value of one indicates an active classification variable in the type. For example, with three classification variables, PROC HPSUMMARY represents type 1 as 001, type 5 as 101, and so on.

Usually, the output data set contains one observation per level per type. However, if you omit statistic-keywords in the OUTPUT statement, then the output data set contains five observations per level (six if you specify a WEIGHT variable). Therefore, the total number of observations in the output data set is equal to the sum of the levels for all the types that you request multiplied by 1, 5, or 6, whichever is applicable.

If you omit the CLASS statement (_TYPE_= 0), then there is always exactly one level of output per output data set. If you use a CLASS statement, then the number of levels for each type that you request has an upper bound equal to the number of observations in the input data set. By default, PROC HPSUMMARY generates all possible types. In this case the total number of levels for each output data set has an upper bound equal to

where is the number of classification variables, is the number of observations in the input data set, and m is 1, 5, or 6.

PROC HPSUMMARY determines the actual number of levels for a given type from the number of unique combinations of each active classification variable. A single level consists of all input observations whose formatted class values match.

Table 9.8 shows the values of _TYPE_ and the number of observations in the data set when you specify one, two, and three classification variables.