MEANS Procedure
- Syntax
- Overview
- Concepts
- Using
- Results
- Examples Computing Specific Descriptive StatisticsComputing Descriptive Statistics with Class VariablesUsing the BY Statement with Class VariablesUsing a CLASSDATA= Data Set with Class VariablesUsing Multilabel Value Formats with Class VariablesUsing Preloaded Formats with Class VariablesComputing a Confidence Limit for the MeanComputing Output StatisticsComputing Different Output Statistics for Several VariablesComputing Output Statistics with Missing Class Variable ValuesIdentifying an Extreme Value with the Output StatisticsIdentifying the Top Three Extreme Values with the Output StatisticsUsing the STACKODSOUTPUT option to control data
- References
WEIGHT Statement
Specifies weights for observations in the statistical
calculations.
| See: | For information about how to calculate weighted statistics and for an example that uses the WEIGHT statement, see WEIGHT. |
Syntax
WEIGHT variable;
Required Argument
- variable
-
specifies a numeric variable whose values weight the values of the analysis variables. The values of the variable do not have to be integers. The following table describes how PROC MEANS treats various values of the WEIGHT variable.To exclude observations that contain negative and zero weights from the analysis, use EXCLNPWGT. Note that most
SAS/STAT procedures, such as PROC GLM, exclude negative and zero weights by default.CAUTION:Single extreme weight values can cause inaccurate results.When one (and only one) weight value is many orders of magnitude larger than the other weight values (for example, 49 weight values of 1 and one weight value of 1×1014), certain statistics might not be within acceptable accuracy limits. The affected statistics are based on the second moment (such as standard deviation, corrected sum of squares, variance, and standard error of the mean). Under certain circumstances, no warning is written to the SAS log.Restrictions:To compute weighted quantiles, use QMETHOD=OS in the PROC statement.Skewness and kurtosis are not available with the WEIGHT statement.
PROC MEANS will not compute MODE when a weight variable is active. Instead, try using the UNIVARIATE procedure when MODE needs to be computed and a weight variable is active.
Interaction:If you use the WEIGHT= option in a VAR statement to specify a weight variable, then PROC MEANS uses this variable instead to weight those VAR statement variables.Note:Before Version 7 of SAS, the procedure did not exclude the observations with missing weights from the count of observations.Tip:When you use the WEIGHT statement, consider which value of the VARDEF= option is appropriate. See the discussion of VARDEF= and the calculation of weighted statistics in Keywords and Formulas for more information.