The CPM Procedure

Example 4.14 Summarizing Resource Utilization

This example shows how you can use the RESOURCE statement in conjunction with the RESOURCEOUT= option to summarize resource utilization. The example assumes that Engineer is a resource category and the project network (in AOA format) along with resource requirements for each activity is in a SAS data set, as displayed in Output 4.14.1.

Output 4.14.1: Resource Utilization: WIDGRES

Summarizing Resource Utilization
Activity Data Set

Obs task days tail head engineer
1 Approve Plan 5 1 2 2
2 Drawings 10 2 3 1
3 Study Market 5 2 4 1
4 Write Specs 5 2 3 2
5 Prototype 15 3 5 4
6 Mkt. Strat. 10 4 6 .
7 Materials 10 5 7 .
8 Facility 10 5 7 2
9 Init. Prod. 10 7 8 4
10 Evaluate 10 8 9 1
11 Test Market 15 6 9 .
12 Changes 5 9 10 2
13 Production 0 10 11 4
14 Marketing 0 6 12 .
15 Dummy 0 8 6 .



Output 4.14.2: Resource Utilization: HOLDATA

Summarizing Resource Utilization
Holidays Data Set HOLDATA

Obs hol name
1 25DEC03 Christmas
2 01JAN04 New Year



In the following program, PROC CPM is invoked with the RESOURCE statement identifying the resource for which usage information is required. The project is scheduled only on weekdays, and holiday information is included through the Holiday data set, HOLDATA, which identifies two holidays, one for Christmas and one for New Year’s Day. Output 4.14.2 shows the Holiday data set.

The program saves the resource usage information in a data set named ROUT, which is displayed in Output 4.14.3. Two variables, Eengineer and Lengineer, denote the usage of the resource engineer corresponding to the early and late start schedules, respectively. Note the naming convention for the variables in the resource usage data set: A prefix (E for Early and L for Late) is followed by the name of the resource variable, engineer. Note also that the data set contains only observations corresponding to weekdays; by default, the _TIME_ variable in the resource usage output data set increases by one unit interval of the default calendar for every observation. Further, the MAXDATE= option is used in the RESOURCE statement to get resource usage information only for the month of December.

proc cpm date='1dec03'd interval=weekday
         resourceout=rout data=widgres
         holidata=holdata;
   id task;
   tailnode tail;
   duration days;
   headnode head;
   resource engineer / maxdate='31dec03'd;
   holiday  hol;
   run;

Output 4.14.3: Resource Utilization: Resource Usage Data Set

Summarizing Resource Utilization
Resource Usage

Obs _TIME_ Eengineer Lengineer
1 01DEC03 2 2
2 02DEC03 2 2
3 03DEC03 2 2
4 04DEC03 2 2
5 05DEC03 2 2
6 08DEC03 4 1
7 09DEC03 4 1
8 10DEC03 4 1
9 11DEC03 4 1
10 12DEC03 4 1
11 15DEC03 1 3
12 16DEC03 1 3
13 17DEC03 1 3
14 18DEC03 1 3
15 19DEC03 1 3
16 22DEC03 4 4
17 23DEC03 4 4
18 24DEC03 4 4
19 26DEC03 4 4
20 29DEC03 4 4
21 30DEC03 4 4
22 31DEC03 4 4



This data set can be used as input for any type of resource utilization report. In this example, the resource usage for the month of December is presented in two ways: on a calendar and in a chart. The following program prints the calendar and bar chart:

/* format the Engineer variables */
proc format;
   picture efmt other='9 ESS Eng.';
   picture lfmt other='9 LSS Eng.';

proc calendar legend weekdays
     data=rout holidata=holdata;
   id _time_;
   var  eengineer lengineer;
   format eengineer efmt. lengineer lfmt.;
   holiday hol;
   holiname name;

proc chart data=rout;
   hbar _time_/sumvar=eengineer discrete;
   hbar _time_/sumvar=lengineer discrete;
   run;

Output 4.14.4: Calendar Showing Resource Usage

Summarizing Resource Utilization
Resource Usage

         -------------------------------------------------------------          
         |                                                           |          
         |                      December  2003                       |          
         |                                                           |          
         |-----------------------------------------------------------|          
         |  Monday   |  Tuesday  | Wednesday | Thursday  |  Friday   |          
         |-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------|          
         |     1     |     2     |     3     |     4     |     5     |          
         |           |           |           |           |           |          
         | 2 ESS Eng | 2 ESS Eng | 2 ESS Eng | 2 ESS Eng | 2 ESS Eng |          
         | 2 LSS Eng | 2 LSS Eng | 2 LSS Eng | 2 LSS Eng | 2 LSS Eng |          
         |-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------|          
         |     8     |     9     |    10     |    11     |    12     |          
         |           |           |           |           |           |          
         | 4 ESS Eng | 4 ESS Eng | 4 ESS Eng | 4 ESS Eng | 4 ESS Eng |          
         | 1 LSS Eng | 1 LSS Eng | 1 LSS Eng | 1 LSS Eng | 1 LSS Eng |          
         |-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------|          
         |    15     |    16     |    17     |    18     |    19     |          
         |           |           |           |           |           |          
         | 1 ESS Eng | 1 ESS Eng | 1 ESS Eng | 1 ESS Eng | 1 ESS Eng |          
         | 3 LSS Eng | 3 LSS Eng | 3 LSS Eng | 3 LSS Eng | 3 LSS Eng |          
         |-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------|          
         |    22     |    23     |    24     |    25     |    26     |          
         |           |           |           |*Christmas*|           |          
         | 4 ESS Eng | 4 ESS Eng | 4 ESS Eng |           | 4 ESS Eng |          
         | 4 LSS Eng | 4 LSS Eng | 4 LSS Eng |           | 4 LSS Eng |          
         |-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------|          
         |    29     |    30     |    31     |           |           |          
         |           |           |           |           |           |          
         | 4 ESS Eng | 4 ESS Eng | 4 ESS Eng |           |           |          
         | 4 LSS Eng | 4 LSS Eng | 4 LSS Eng |           |           |          
         -------------------------------------------------------------          

                                                                                
                           --------------------------                           
                           |         Legend         |                           
                           |                        |                           
                           | ESS Usage of  engineer |                           
                           | LSS Usage of  engineer |                           
                           --------------------------                           



Output 4.14.5: Bar Chart for Early Start Usage

Summarizing Resource Utilization
Resource Usage

       Period Identifier                                 ESS Usage of  en       
                                                                      Sum       
                |                                                               
      01DEC03   |********************                            2.000000       
      02DEC03   |********************                            2.000000       
      03DEC03   |********************                            2.000000       
      04DEC03   |********************                            2.000000       
      05DEC03   |********************                            2.000000       
      08DEC03   |****************************************        4.000000       
      09DEC03   |****************************************        4.000000       
      10DEC03   |****************************************        4.000000       
      11DEC03   |****************************************        4.000000       
      12DEC03   |****************************************        4.000000       
      15DEC03   |**********                                      1.000000       
      16DEC03   |**********                                      1.000000       
      17DEC03   |**********                                      1.000000       
      18DEC03   |**********                                      1.000000       
      19DEC03   |**********                                      1.000000       
      22DEC03   |****************************************        4.000000       
      23DEC03   |****************************************        4.000000       
      24DEC03   |****************************************        4.000000       
      26DEC03   |****************************************        4.000000       
      29DEC03   |****************************************        4.000000       
      30DEC03   |****************************************        4.000000       
      31DEC03   |****************************************        4.000000       
                |                                                               
                ----------+---------+---------+---------+                       
                          1         2         3         4                       
                                                                                
                          ESS Usage of  engineer                                



Output 4.14.6: Bar Chart for Late Start Usage

Summarizing Resource Utilization
Resource Usage

       Period Identifier                                 LSS Usage of  en       
                                                                      Sum       
                |                                                               
      01DEC03   |********************                            2.000000       
      02DEC03   |********************                            2.000000       
      03DEC03   |********************                            2.000000       
      04DEC03   |********************                            2.000000       
      05DEC03   |********************                            2.000000       
      08DEC03   |**********                                      1.000000       
      09DEC03   |**********                                      1.000000       
      10DEC03   |**********                                      1.000000       
      11DEC03   |**********                                      1.000000       
      12DEC03   |**********                                      1.000000       
      15DEC03   |******************************                  3.000000       
      16DEC03   |******************************                  3.000000       
      17DEC03   |******************************                  3.000000       
      18DEC03   |******************************                  3.000000       
      19DEC03   |******************************                  3.000000       
      22DEC03   |****************************************        4.000000       
      23DEC03   |****************************************        4.000000       
      24DEC03   |****************************************        4.000000       
      26DEC03   |****************************************        4.000000       
      29DEC03   |****************************************        4.000000       
      30DEC03   |****************************************        4.000000       
      31DEC03   |****************************************        4.000000       
                |                                                               
                ----------+---------+---------+---------+                       
                          1         2         3         4                       
                                                                                
                          LSS Usage of  engineer                                



Charts such as those shown in Output 4.14.4 through Output 4.14.6 can be used to compare different schedules with respect to resource usage.