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/* Set graphics options */

goptions reset=all border colors=(black);

/* Create input data set, ICECREAM */

data icecream;
  input @1 flavor $10. @12 rank 1. @14 grp $1.;
  datalines;
Strawberry 2 B
Chocolate  1 B
Vanilla    3 B
Strawberry 2 A
Vanilla    1 A
Coffee     1 C
Vanilla    3 C
Chocolate  2 C
;

/* After creating the ICECREAM data set, sort the data by GRP */
/* and FLAVOR using the SORT procedure.                       */

proc sort data=icecream;
  by grp flavor;
run;

/* The NEW data set is needed to create the macro variables       */
/* GRP, PAT, TOTNBY, and TOTAL. First, specify the                */
/* ICECREAM data set in a SET statement and also include a        */
/* BY statement with the variables GRP and FLAVOR. The BY         */
/* statement provides FIRST.GRP and LAST.GRP variables, which     */
/* are used to determine the beginning and end of the BY groups.  */
/* The END= option on the SET statement creates the variable      */
/* EOF that signals the end-of-file.                              */

data new;
  set icecream end=eof;
  by grp flavor;
  if first.grp then do;  /* Specify an IF-THEN DO to conditionally      */
    bycount=0;           /* check for the beginning of a BY group.      */
    total+1;             /* The purpose of the DO loop is to initialize */
  end;                   /* the variable BYCOUNT to 0 and increment the */
  bycount+1;             /* variable TOTAL by 1 for each time the BY    */
                         /* group value changes.                        */

/* The CALL SYMPUT routine is used to create macro variables,*/
/* GRPn, that will resolve to the different BY group values. */

  call symput('grp'||left(total),grp);

/* The IF-THEN DO loops are used to conditionally assign the      */
/* PATTERN statements based on the value of the midpoint variable,*/
/* FLAVOR. The CALL SYMPUT routines create macro variables, PATn, */
/* that will resolve to the appropriate PATTERN statements across */
/* BY groups.                                                     */

  if flavor='Strawberry' then do;
    call symput('pat'||trim(left(total))||trim(left(bycount)),
              'pattern'||trim(left(total))||trim(left(bycount))
              || ' '|| 'c=pink'|| ' '||'v=solid'||' '||';');
  end;

  if flavor='Chocolate' then do;
    call symput('pat'||trim(left(total))||trim(left(bycount)),
                'pattern'||trim(left(total))||trim(left(bycount))
                || ' '|| 'c=brown'|| ' '||'v=solid'||' '||';');
  end;

  if flavor='Vanilla' then do;
    call symput('pat'||trim(left(total))||trim(left(bycount)),
                'pattern'||trim(left(total))||trim(left(bycount))
                || ' '|| 'c=yellow'|| ' '||'v=solid'||' '||';');
  end;

  if flavor='Coffee' then do;
    call symput('pat'||trim(left(total))||trim(left(bycount)),
                'pattern'||trim(left(total))||trim(left(bycount))
                || ' '|| 'c=tan'|| ' '||'v=solid'||' '||';');
  end;

/* The LAST.GRP variable is used in an IF condition in order  */
/* to create the macro variables, TOTNBYn, which will resolve */
/* to the number of patterns needed for each BY group. The    */
/* TOTNBYn macro variables will be used in the PATTERN        */
/* macro as the ending value in the %DO loop.                 */

  if last.grp then call symput('totnby'||trim(left(total)),bycount);

/* The end-of-file is determined in order to create the macro    */
/* variable, TOTAL. The TOTAL macro variable will be used in the */
/* GCHART macro as the ending value in the %DO loop.             */

  if eof then call symput('total',total);
run;


/* The PATTERN macro is creating all the pattern */
/* statements to be used across the BY groups.   */

%macro pattern;
 %do j=1 %to &&totnby&i;
        &&pat&i&j
%end;
%mend pattern;

/* The GCHART macro calls the PATTERN macro and calls the     */
/* GCHART procedure to create multiple graphs. The WHERE      */
/* statement is performing the function that the BY statement */
/* would have provided. The BY statement is not used, because */
/* we need to increment the macro variable GRP using the      */
/* counter variable (i) in a %DO loop.                        */

%macro gchart;
 %do i=1 %to &total;
goptions reset=pattern;
%pattern
proc gchart data=icecream;
  where grp="&&grp&i";
  vbar flavor / sumvar=rank patternid=midpoint raxis=axis1;
  title1 f=swiss "Ice Cream Survey for Group &&grp&i";
  axis1 minor=none;
run;
quit;
%end;
%mend gchart;

%gchart

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