Glossary

Apache Hadoop (Hadoop)

an open-source framework that enables the distributed processing of large data sets, across clusters of computers, using a simple programming model.

calculated column

a column that does not exist in any of the tables that are accessed, but which is created as a result of a column expression.

capability

an application feature that is under role-based management. Typically, a capability corresponds to a menu item or button. For example, a Report Creation capability might correspond to a New Report menu item in a reporting application. Capabilities are assigned to roles.

co-located data provider

a distributed data source, such as SAS Visual Analytics Hadoop or a third-party vendor database, that has SAS High-Performance Analytics software installed on the same machines. The SAS software on each machine processes the data that is local to the machine or that the data source makes available as the result of a query.

data item

an item in a data source that is either a logical view of a data field or a calculation. The author of a report decides which data items to use in a particular section of a report. There are three types of data items: hierarchies, categories, and measures.

data source (source)

a table, view, or file from which you will extract information. Sources can be in any format that SAS can access, on any supported hardware platform. The metadata for a source is typically an input to a job.

dependency

a trigger condition that must be met before a job can run in a scheduled flow.

deployed job

a job that has been saved in a deployment directory and can be scheduled.

deployment directory

the location for generated SAS DATA step programs that will be executed by the batch server as part of a scheduled flow.

file event

a file-related occurrence that is used as a trigger in a scheduled flow. For example, a file event occurs when a scheduling server determines that a specified file exists.

filter

a set of specified criteria that are applied to data in order to identify the subset of data for a subsequent operation, such as continued processing.

flow

a set of jobs and associated dependencies that is scheduled in the Schedule Manager plug-in in SAS Management Console.

Hadoop

See Apache Hadoop.

job

a collection of SAS tasks that can create output.

job event

a job-related occurrence that is used as a trigger in a scheduled flow. For example, a job event occurs when the scheduling server issues a command to determine whether a job ran successfully.

job flow

a group of jobs and their dependencies, including dependencies on other jobs, on files, or on specified dates and times. See also job.

join condition

a combination of join keys and a comparison operator.

L10N

See localization.

local data

data that is accessible through the file systems on a computer. This includes data on hard drives or available through network file systems.

locale

a setting that reflects the language, local conventions, and culture for a geographic region. Local conventions can include specific formatting rules for paper sizes, dates, times, and numbers, and a currency symbol for the country or region. Some examples of locale values are French_Canada, Portuguese_Brazil, and Chinese_Singapore.

localization (L10N)

the process of adapting software for a particular geocultural region (locale). Translation of the user interface, system messages, and documentation is a large part of the localization process.

query

a set of instructions that requests particular information from one or more data sources.

remote data

data that is not accessible through the file systems available to a computer. To use remote data, you must direct a SAS server to access the data that is available through file systems on the remote machine.

report

output that is generated by running custom SAS code against the data in your project.

role (user role)

a set of capabilities within an application that are targeted to a particular group of users.

SAS Management Console

a Java application that provides a single user interface for performing SAS administrative tasks.

SAS Stored Process (stored process)

a SAS program that is stored on a server and defined in metadata, and which can be executed by client applications.

SAS Workspace Server

a SAS server that provides access to SAS Foundation features such as the SAS programming language and SAS libraries.

scheduling server

a server that runs deployed jobs in a scheduled flow. The scheduling server determines whether the schedule criteria and dependencies have been met before a job is run.

source

See data source.

stored process

See SAS Stored Process.

subquery

a query-expression that is nested as part of another query- expression. Depending on the clause that contains it, a subquery can return a single value or multiple values.

time series

an ordered sequence of values of a variable that are observed at equally spaced time intervals.

Unicode

a 16-bit encoding that is the industry standard for supporting the interchange, processing, and display of characters and symbols from most of the world's writing systems.

Unicode Transformation Format 8

See UTF-8.

user role

See role.

UTF-8 (Unicode Transformation Format 8)

a method for converting 16-bit Unicode characters to 8-bit characters. This format supports all of the world's languages, including those that use non-Latin 1 characters.

visual exploration

a metadata object that contains visualizations and data settings that are saved from a session of the SAS Visual Analytics explorer.

visualization

an interactive visual representation of data. A visualization can be a table, a chart, or a geographic map.