The TREE Procedure

specifies a color for the frame, which is the rectangle bounded by the axes.

specifies the input data set that defines the tree. If you omit the DATA= option, the most recently created SAS data set is used.

reverses the sorting order for the SORT option.

specifies a description for the graph in the GOUT= catalog. The default is "Proc Tree Graph Output."

specifies that the values of the HEIGHT variable are dissimilarities; that is, a large height value means that the clusters are very dissimilar or far apart.

If neither the SIMILAR nor the DISSIMILAR option is specified, PROC TREE attempts to infer from the data whether the height values are similarities or dissimilarities. If PROC TREE cannot tell this from the data, it issues an error message and does not display a tree diagram.

causes observations in the OUT= data set that have a frequency of n or less to be given missing values for the output variables CLUSTER and CLUSNAME. If the NCLUSTERS= option is also specified, DOCK= also prevents clusters with a frequency of n or less from being counted toward the number of clusters requested by the NCLUSTERS= option. By default, DOCK=0.

specifies the character displayed between leaves that are not joined into a cluster. The character should be enclosed in single quotes. The default is a blank. The LINEPRINTER option must also be specified.

specifies the catalog in which the generated graph is stored. The default is Work.Gseg.

specifies that the AXISn statement be used to customize the appearance of the horizontal axis.

specifies certain conventional variables to be used for the height axis of the tree diagram. For many situations, the only option you need is the HEIGHT= option. Valid values for name and their meanings are as follows:

HEIGHT | H

specifies the _HEIGHT_ variable.

LENGTH | L

defines the height of each node as its path length from the root. This can also be interpreted as the number of ancestors of the node.

MODE | M

specifies the _MODE_ variable.

NCL | N

specifies the _NCL_ (number of clusters) variable.

RSQ | R

specifies the _RSQ_ variable.

See also the section HEIGHT Statement. The HEIGHT statement can specify any variable in the input data set to be used for the height axis. In rare cases, you might need to specify either the DISSIMILAR option or the SIMILAR option.

specifies that the graph be oriented horizontally with the leaf nodes on the right side, when the HORIZONTAL option is also specified. By default, the leaf nodes are on the left side.

displays the tree diagram with the height axis oriented horizontally. The leaf nodes are on the side specified in the HORDISPLAY= option. If you do not specify the HORIZONTAL option, the height axis is vertical, with the root at the top. When the tree takes up more than one page, horizontal orientation can make the tree diagram considerably easier to read.

specifies that the original graph be enlarged to cover n1 pages. If you also specify the VPAGES=n2 option, the original graph is enlarged to cover n1 n2 graphs. For example, if HPAGES=2 and VPAGES=3, then the original graph is generated, followed by more graphs. In these six graphs, the original is enlarged by a factor of 2 in the horizontal direction and by a factor of 3 in the vertical direction. The graphs are generated in left-to-right and top-to-bottom order.

specifies the increment between tick values on the height axis. If the HEIGHT variable is _NCL_, the default is usually 1, although a different value can be specified for consistency with other options. For any other HEIGHT variable, the default is some power of 10 times 1, 2, 2.5, or 5.

specifies the character displayed between leaves that are joined into a cluster. The character should be enclosed in single quotes. The default is 'X'. The LINEPRINTER option must also be specified.

specifies the character used to represent clusters that have no children. The character should be enclosed in single quotes. The default is a period. The LINEPRINTER option must also be specified.

specifies the level of the tree that defines disjoint clusters for the OUT= data set. The LEVEL= option also causes only clusters between the root and a height of n to be displayed. The clusters in the output data set are those that exist at a height of n on the tree diagram. For example, if the HEIGHT variable is _NCL_ (number of clusters) and LEVEL=5 is specified, then the OUT= data set contains five disjoint clusters. If the HEIGHT variable is _RSQ_ (R square) and LEVEL=0.9 is specified, then the OUT= data set contains the smallest number of clusters that yields an R square of at least 0.9.

specifies that the tree diagram be displayed using line printer graphics.

specifies the color and the thickness of the lines of the tree, and whether a dot is drawn at each leaf node. If the frame and the lines are specified to be the same color, PROC TREE selects a different color for the lines.

lists all the nodes in the tree, displaying the height, parent, and children of each node.

specifies the maximum value displayed on the height axis.

specifies the minimum value displayed on the height axis.

specifies the entry name for the generated graph in the GOUT= catalog. Each time another graph is generated with the same name, the name is modified by appending a number to make it unique.

specifies the number of clusters desired in the OUT= data set. The number of clusters obtained might not equal the number specified if (1) there are fewer than n leaves in the tree, (2) there are more than n unconnected trees in the data set, (3) a multiway tree does not contain a level with the specified number of clusters, or (4) the DOCK= option eliminates too many clusters.

The NCLUSTERS= option uses the _NCL_ variable to determine the order in which the clusters are formed. If there is no _NCL_ variable, the height variable (as determined by the HEIGHT statement or HEIGHT= option) is used instead.

specifies the number of tick intervals on the height axis. The default depends on the values of other options.

suppresses the display of the tree. Specify the NOPRINT option if you want only to create an OUT= data set.

creates an output data set that contains one observation for each object in the tree or subtree being processed and variables called CLUSTER and CLUSNAME that show cluster membership at any specified level in the tree. If you specify the OUT= option, you must also specify either the NCLUSTERS= or LEVEL= option in order to define the output partition level. If you want to create a permanent SAS data set, you must specify a two-level name (see "SAS Data Files" in SAS Language Reference: Concepts).

specifies the number of pages over which the tree diagram (from root to leaves) is to extend. The default is 1. The LINEPRINTER option must also be specified.

specifies the number of column positions on the height axis. The default depends on the value of the PAGES= option, the orientation of the tree diagram, and the values specified by the PAGESIZE= and LINESIZE= options. The LINEPRINTER option must also be specified.

specifies the value of the NAME statement variable for the root of a subtree to be displayed if you do not want to display the entire tree. If you also specify the OUT= option, the output data set contains only objects that belong to the subtree specified by the ROOT= option.

specifies that the values of the HEIGHT variable represent similarities; that is, a large height value means that the clusters are very similar or close together.

If neither the SIMILAR nor the DISSIMILAR option is specified, PROC TREE attempts to infer from the data whether the height values are similarities or dissimilarities. If PROC TREE cannot tell this from the data, it issues an error message and does not display a tree diagram.

sorts the children of each node by the HEIGHT variable, in the order of cluster formation. See the DESCENDING option for details.

specifies the number of spaces between objects in the output. The default depends on the number of objects, the orientation of the tree diagram, and the values specified by the PAGESIZE= and LINESIZE= options. The LINEPRINTER option must also be specified.

specifies the number of column positions per tick interval on the height axis. The default value is usually between 5 and 10, although a different value can be specified for consistency with other options.

specifies the character used to represent clusters with children. The character should be enclosed in single quotes. The default is 'X'. The LINEPRINTER option must also be specified.

specifies that the AXISn statement be used to customize the appearance of the vertical axis.

specifies that the original graph be enlarged to cover n2 pages. If you also specify the HPAGES=n1 option, the original graph is enlarged to cover n1 n2 pages. For example, if HPAGES=2 and VPAGES=3, then the original graph is generated, followed by more graphs. In these six graphs, the original is enlarged by a factor of 2 in the horizontal direction and by a factor of 3 in the vertical direction. The graphs are generated in left-to-right and top-to-bottom order.