INTCYCLE Function

Arguments

interval

specifies a character constant, a variable, or an expression that contains an interval name such as WEEK, MONTH, or QTR. Interval can appear in uppercase or lowercase. The possible values of interval are listed in the Intervals Used with Date and Time Functions table in SAS Language Reference: Concepts.

Multipliers and shift indexes can be used with the basic interval names to construct more complex interval specifications. The general form of an interval name is as follows:

interval<multiple.shift-index>

The three parts of the interval name are as follows:

interval

specifies the name of the basic interval type. For example, YEAR specifies yearly intervals.

multiple

specifies an optional multiplier that sets the interval equal to a multiple of the period of the basic interval type. For example, the interval YEAR2 consists of two-year, or biennial, periods.

See:	Incrementing Dates and Times by Using Multipliers and by Shifting Intervals for more information.

shift-index

specifies an optional shift index that shifts the interval to start at a specified subperiod starting point. For example, YEAR.3 specifies yearly periods shifted to start on the first of March of each calendar year and to end in February of the following year.

Restriction:	The shift index cannot be greater than the number of subperiods in the whole interval. For example, you could use YEAR2.24, but YEAR2.25 would be an error because there is no 25th month in a two-year interval.
Restriction:	If the default shift period is the same as the interval type, then only multiperiod intervals can be shifted with the optional shift index. For example, because MONTH type intervals shift by MONTH subperiods by default, monthly intervals cannot be shifted with the shift index. However, bimonthly intervals can be shifted with the shift index, because there are two MONTH intervals in each MONTH2 interval. For example, the interval name MONTH2.2 specifies bimonthly periods starting on the first day of even-numbered months.
See:	Incrementing Dates and Times by Using Multipliers and by Shifting Intervals for more information.

The INTCYCLE function returns the interval of the seasonal cycle, depending on a date, time, or datetime interval. For example, INTCYCLE('MONTH'); returns the value YEAR because the months from January through December constitute a yearly cycle. INTCYCLE('DAY'); returns the value WEEK because the days from Sunday through Saturday constitute a weekly cycle.

See Incrementing Dates and Times by Using Multipliers and by Shifting Intervals for information about multipliers and shift indexes. See Commonly Used Time Intervals for information about how intervals are calculated.

For more information about working with date and time intervals, see Date and Time Intervals.

The INTCYCLE function can also be used with calendar intervals from the retail industry. These intervals are ISO 8601 compliant. For more information, see Retail Calendar Intervals: ISO 8601 Compliant in SAS Language Reference: Concepts.

The following examples produce these results:

cycle_year = intcycle('year');
put cycle_year;

YEAR

cycle_quarter = intcycle('qtr');
put cycle_quarter;

YEAR

cycle_month = intcycle('month');
put cycle_month;

YEAR

cycle_day = intcycle('day');
put cycle_day;

WEEK

var1 = 'second';
cycle_second = intcycle(var1);
put cycle_second;

DTMINUTE

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