In this example, you visualize the distribution of points in a scatter plot, as subset by values of a categorical variable. This is sometimes called a conditional plot.

1. Open the Hurricanes data set, and create a scatter plot of latitude versus longitude.

   The scatter plot appears. (See Figure 9.10.) The plot shows the position of Atlantic cyclones during a 16-year period. There is considerable overplotting in this scatter plot, particularly along a path between the Cape Verde Islands (lower right corner of the plot) and the Caribbean Sea (near the coordinates ).

   Figure 9.10 A Scatter Plot

   
   
   

   The overplotting prevents the clear examination of rare events such as category 4 and category 5 hurricanes. You can modify the scatter plot so that it displays only selected observations. This makes it easier to examine these storms.

2. Right-click near the center of the plot, and select Plot Area Properties from the pop-up menu.

   The Plot Area Properties dialog box appears. (See Figure 9.11.)

   Figure 9.11 The Observations Tab

   
   
   

3. Select Show only selected observations.

4. Click OK.

   The scatter plot updates. All of the observations disappear because none are selected. You can use another plot or the data table’s Find dialog box (see the section Finding Observations) to select data of interest.

5. Create a bar chart of the category variable.

6. Select all category 4 and 5 hurricanes in the bar chart, as shown in Figure 9.12.

   Figure 9.12 A Bar Chart with Category 4 and 5 Hurricanes Selected

   
   
   

   The selected observations appear in the scatter plot, as shown in Figure 9.13. Most of the selected storms appear in the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and the Atlantic Ocean east of the Greater Antilles.

Figure 9.13 Displaying Only Selected Observations