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The GDEVICE Procedure

Using the GDEVICE Procedure

Using the GDEVICE Windows

You can use GDEVICE windows instead of program mode to view, modify, copy, create, or delete device entries. You can perform tasks in the GDEVICE windows by entering values in the fields, by using the menus, and by issuing commands from the command line.

These are the thirteen GDEVICE windows in order of appearance:

The fields in these windows represent device entry parameters. The GDEVICE windows group the device parameters by topic. When you open a device entry in edit mode, you can modify the fields directly. For a description of each field, see the corresponding parameter in Graphics Options and Device Parameters Dictionary. For a complete list of device parameters, see ADD Statement.

Note:   The parameters are sometimes an abbreviation of the field names. For example, in the Detail window, the "Driver query" field corresponds to the DRVQRY parameter, and the "Queued messages" field corresponds to the QMSG parameter.  [cautionend]


GDEVICE Window Commands

You can navigate and manipulate the GDEVICE windows by entering commands on the command line, or selecting items from the menus. For a complete description of all the GDEVICE window commands, open the help for the GDEVICE windows. You can open the help by entering Help on the command line or by selecting Help [arrow] Using This Window.

Note:   In a Windows environment, the GDEVICE commands are presented on pop-up menus. Click the secondary mouse button on a GDEVICE window to access a pop-up menu.  [cautionend]


DIRECTORY Window

This window is displayed when you start the GDEVICE procedure in window mode. It lists all the device entries in the default catalog or the catalog you specified in the PROC GDEVICE statement. You can use it to

You can enter these commands in the Directory window selection field:

B | S

open the Detail window and browse (B) or, if you are in edit mode, edit (S) the selected device entry.

D

delete the selected device entry. You cannot restore a device entry once it has been deleted.

E

open the Detail window and edit the selected device entry.

R

rename the device entry or the description, or both.

You cannot edit the TYPE and UPDATED fields in the Directory Window.

The DIRECTORY Window

[GDEVICE Directory Window]

After the Directory window opens, you can navigate through the GDEVICE windows by selecting the View [arrow] Next Screen.


Detail window

This window contains device parameters that control basic characteristics of the device, for example, the size of the graphics output area.

The Detail Window

[GDEVICE DETAIL Window]


Parameters window

This window includes additional device parameters that affect the way graphs are drawn. For example, you can define the following parameters:

Note:   If the device does not support a hardware characteristic, the catalog entry cannot enable the support.  [cautionend]

The Parameters Window

[GDEVICE Parameters window]


Gcolors window

This window lists the colors that the device driver uses by default when the NOGSTYLE option is in effect. When you do not explicitly specify the color of a graphics feature in your program or in a GOPTIONS statement, SAS/GRAPH uses this list to determine what color to use.

The Gcolors Window (partial view)

[GDEVICE Gcolors Window]


Chartype window

This window lists the device-resident fonts that the device can use, along with information about the size of the characters. The Chartype value is the value to reference a font in another window. For example, you can enter a Chartype number in the Parameters window's Chartype field.

The Chartype Window (partial view)

[GDEVICE Chartype Window]


Colormap window

This window enables you to specify a color map for the device. The FROM field specifies the name to assign to the color designated by the color value. The TO field specifies a predefined SAS/GRAPH color name. Once you have defined the color mapping, the new color name is available for use in any color option. For example, map the color name DAFFODIL to the SAS color value PAOY. Specify COLOR=DAFFODIL anywhere the COLOR= option is supported. The driver substitutes the color value PAOY. Contact SAS Technical Support for assistance in determining predefined SAS color names.

The Colormap Window (partial view)

[GDEVICE Colormap Window]


Metagraphics window

This window is used by all drivers that support multiple color spaces, for example, RGB or CMYK. It is also used if the device entry is a Metagraphics (user-written) driver. Metagraphics drivers are created when a device entry that was provided by SAS cannot be adapted to support your graphics device. For information about Metagraphics drivers, contact SAS Technical Support.

CAUTION:
Do not alter the fields in the Metagraphics window unless you are changing the color scheme (colortype) or building a Metagraphics driver.   [cautionend]

The Metagraphics Window

[GCEVICE Metagraphics Window]


Gprolog window

This window enables you to specify one or more hexadecimal strings sent to the device before graphics commands are sent. Additional commands can be sent with the PREGPROLOG= and POSTGPROLOG= graphics options. See Graphics Options and Device Parameters Dictionary for details.


Gepilog window

This window enables you to specify one or more hexadecimal strings that are sent to the device after graphics commands are sent. Additional commands can be sent with the PREGEPILOG= and POSTGEPILOG= graphics options. See Graphics Options and Device Parameters Dictionary for details.


Gstart window

This window enables you to specify one or more hexadecimal strings that are placed at the beginning of each record of graphics data.


Gend window

This window enables you to specify one or more hexadecimal strings that are placed at the end of each record of graphics data.


Host File Options window

This window controls the output destination and formatting of the data stream produced by the driver. (Most of these values can also be specified with the GOPTIONS statement or with the FILENAME statement. See Specifying the Graphics Output File Type for Your Graph.)

The Host File Options Window

[GDEVICE Host File Options Window]


Host Commands window

This window stores the host commands issued at driver initialization, before and after each graph is produced, and at driver termination. These commands are typically used to send graphics output to a hardcopy device such as a printer or a plotter.

The Host Commands Window

[GDEVICE Host Commands Window]

Creating or Modifying Device Entries

In order to add, modify, or delete device entries, you must have write access to the catalog. On multi-user systems, your site administrator is usually the only person who has write access to the SASHELP.DEVICES catalog and can make any changes. Therefore, when creating new entries or modifying existing ones, individual users usually work in a personal catalog. Be sure the catalog in which you store new or modified device entries is named DEVICES.

To use a device entry stored in a personal catalog, you must assign the GDEVICEn libref to the library that contains the device catalog. See Device Catalogs.

It is a good idea to give a new or modified device entry a name that is different from the original. Then, if you want to use the original device, SAS/GRAPH can find that device when it searches the device catalogs. Remember that SAS/GRAPH searches the GDEVICEn libraries before it searches SASHELP.DEVICES and uses the first device it finds whose name matches the one you have specified. (See Search Order of Device Catalogs.)

For example, suppose there is a customized copy of PSCOLOR in your GDEVICE0.DEVICES catalog as well as the original in SASHELP.DEVICES. If you specify DEV=PSCOLOR and the libref GDEVICE0 is assigned, SAS/GRAPH searches GDEVICE0.DEVICES first and uses the copy of PSCOLOR. Unless you cancel the GDEVICE0 libref, SAS/GRAPH will never find the original device entry in SASHELP.DEVICES. (To include SASHELP.DEVICES in the search path, you would need to cancel the GDEVICE0 libref.)


Creating a New Device Entry

Typically, you create a new device entry by copying an existing device and modifying its parameters to suit your needs. You can copy and modify a device entry in two ways:

If you want to start with a blank device entry and fill in values for the parameters, use the EDIT command from the DIRECTORY window or use the ADD statement with program mode PROC GDEVICE.

With either method, you provide values for the parameters listed in Required Arguments. If you copy and modify an existing entry, all the required parameters have values. If you create a new entry with GDEVICE windows, you are prompted to fill in the appropriate fields.

Note:   When you change a field in a device entry that was provided by SAS (either the original device entry in SASHELP.DEVICES or a copy), SAS/GRAPH asks whether you really want to change the entry.  [cautionend]


Modifying an Existing Device Entry

Typically, you modify an existing device entry when you want to change the device parameters permanently in order to customize a device entry. The process is similar to creating a new catalog entry. Copy the device entry you want to modify into your personal catalog. Change the parameters in the new device entry. See Creating a Custom Device Entry with Program Statements for an example of creating a custom device entry.


Changing Device Parameters Temporarily

You can change some device parameters temporarily by overriding their settings with graphics options in a GOPTIONS statement. In this case, the settings remain in effect until you change them or end your SAS session. For details, see Overriding Style Attributes With SAS/GRAPH Statement Options and Precedence of Appearance Option Specifications. See also Style Attributes Versus Device Entry Parameters.

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