The G3D Procedure

SCATTER Statement

Creates three-dimensional scatter plots using values of three numeric variables from the input data set.

Requirements:	One plot request is required.
Global statements:	AXIS, BY, FOOTNOTE, GOPTIONS, NOTE, TITLE
Reminder:	The procedure can include the FORMAT, LABEL, and WHERE statements.
Restriction:	The AXIS statement is partially supported by Java and ActiveX devices only.
Alias:	SCAT

Description

The SCATTER statement specifies one plot request that identifies the three numeric variables to plot. The statement also does the following actions:

scales the axes to include the minimum and maximum values for each of the plotted variables X, Y, and Z
labels each axis with the name of the plotted variable or its associated label
uses reference lines to mark the major tick marks on the X and Y axes, creating a grid on the horizontal plane
represents each data point with a pyramid that is connected to the horizontal plane with a needle
derives its colors from the ODS style

In addition to the Global Statement options, the following Scatter statement options enable you to specify the appearance of many of the plot's elements.

Syntax

SCATTER y*x=z </option(s)>;

Option(s) can be one or more options from any or all of the following categories:

appearance options:

	ANNOTATE=annotate-data-set
	COLOR="data-point-color" \| data-point-color-variable
	NONEEDLE
	ROTATE=angle-list
	SHAPE="symbol-name" \| shape-variable
	SIZE=symbol-size \| size-variable
	TILT=angle-list

axes options:

	CAXIS=axis-color
	CTEXT=text-color
	GRID
	NOAXIS \| NOAXES
	NOLABEL
	XAXIS=axis <1...99>
	XTICKNUM=number-of-major-tick-marks
	YAXIS=axis <1...99>
	YTICKNUM=number-of-major-tick-marks
	ZAXIS=axis <1...99>
	ZMAX=maximum-value
	ZMIN=minimum-value
	ZTICKNUM=number-of-major-tick-marks

catalog entry description options:

DESCRIPTION="description"

NAME="name"

Required Arguments

y*x=z;

specifies three numeric variables from the input data set:

Y: specifies a horizontal variable whose values are plotted on the Y axis
X: specifies a horizontal variable whose values are plotted on the X axis
Z: specifies a vertical variable whose values are plotted on the Z axis

Note: The SCATTER statement does not require a full grid of observations to generate a plot. [cautionend]

Options

Options in a SCATTER statement affect all graphs that are produced by that statement. You can specify as many options as you want and list them in any order.

ANNOTATE=annotate-data-set

specifies an annotate data set to annotate plots that are produced by the SCATTER statement.

Alias:	ANNO=
Restriction:	Partially supported by Java and ActiveX
See also:	Using Annotate Data Sets

CAXIS=axis-color

specifies a color for axis lines, tick marks, and horizontal grid lines.

Style reference:	Color attribute of the GraphAxisLines element
Restriction:	The AXIS statement is partially supported by Java and ActiveX. When the AXIS statement specifies only general axis colors with its COLOR= option, it is overridden by the CAXIS= color option.

COLOR="data-point-color" | data-point-color-variable

specifies a color name or a character variable in the input data set whose values are color names. These color values determine the color or colors of the shapes that represent a plot's data points. Color values must be valid color names for the device that is used.

Using a list of colors in the value of the data-point-color-variable enables you to assign different colors to the shapes to classify data.

Style reference:

Color attribute of the GraphData1 element

CTEXT=text-color

specifies a color for all text on the axes, including tick mark values and axis labels. The G3D procedure uses the first color it finds from the following list:

colors specified for labels and values on assigned axis statement
the color specified by the CTEXT= option in a SCATTER statement
the color specified by the CTEXT= option in a GOPTIONS statement

if the NOGSTYLE system option is specified, the CTEXT= option color is assigned as follows:

for the Java and ActiveX devices the default color is black
for all other devices, the first color in the device's color list

Note: If you use a BY statement in the procedure, the color of the BY variable label is controlled by the CBY= option in the GOPTIONS statement. [cautionend]

Note: For Java and ActiveX only, specific text options specified in the AXIS statement override the CTEXT= option. [cautionend]

Style reference:

Color attribute of the GraphValueText and GraphLabelText elements

DESCRIPTION="description"

specifies the description of the plot. The maximum length for description is 256 characters.

The descriptive text is displayed as follows:

the description in the Results window
the properties that you view form the Explorer window
the description in the Explorer view of the catalog entry
the Table of Contents that is generated when you use CONTENTS= on an ODS HTML statement, assuming the G3D output is generated while the contents page is open
the description field of the PROC GREPLAY window
the ALT= text in the HTML file when the output destination is ODS HTML
customized by inserting BY variable values with #BYLINE, #BYVAL(n), and #BYVAR(n)

Alias:	DES=
Default:	3D surface plot of z by x and y
See also:	Substituting BY Line Values in a Text String

GRID

draws reference lines at the major tick marks on all axes.

NAME="name"

specifies the name of the GRSEG catalog entry, and the name of any graphics output file created. The name can be up to 256 characters long. If the name duplicates an existing name, SAS/GRAPH adds a number, or increments the last number used to create a unique graph name-for example G3D1.

For GRSEG entries:

the name is truncated to eight characters
the first character is always represented in uppercase
all other characters are represented in lower case
periods and blanks are converted to underscores

For Graphics Output files:

SAS/GRAPH adds a number to the NAME= value, or increments the last number used.

Default:	Procedure name
See also:	About Filename Indexing

NOAXIS

specifies that a plot has no axes, including labels, tick marks, and values. Use this option if you want to generate axes with an annotate data set.

Alias:

NOAXES

NOLABEL

specifies that a plot has no axes labels or tick mark values. Use this option if you want to generate axis labels and tick mark values with an annotate data set.

NONEEDLE

specifies that a plot has no lines that connect the shapes representing data points to the X-Y plane.

Restriction:

The NONEEDLE option has no effect when SHAPE="PILLAR" or when SHAPE="PRISM"

ROTATE=angle-list

specifies one or more angles at which to rotate the X-Y plane around the perpendicular Z axis. Specify the value in degrees. The values specified in the angle-list can be negative or positive. The value can be greater than 360 degrees. If you specify a sequence of angles, separate graphs are produced for each angle. The angles that are specified in the ROTATE= option are paired with any angles that are specified with the TILT= option. If one option contains fewer values than the other, the last value in the shorter list is paired with the remaining values in the longer list. The angle-list list is in one of the following forms:

an explicit list of values: n <...n>
a starting and an ending value with an interval increment: n TO n <BY increment>
a combination of both forms: n <...n> TO n <BY increment > <n <...n> >

Default:

70 degrees

SHAPE="symbol-name" | shape-variable

specifies a symbol name or a character variable whose values are symbol names. Symbols represent data points for scatter plots.

If you specify SHAPE="symbol-name", all data points are drawn in that shape.

If you specify SHAPE=shape-variable, the shape of the data point is determined by the value of the shape variable, in the input data set, for that observation. For example, the procedure uses the value of the variable CLASS for a particular observation as the shape for that data point when you specify:

shape=class

Using a list of values in the variable named in SHAPE=shape-variable enables you to assign different shapes to the data points, to categorize your data.

Valid values for symbol-name are as follows:

BALLOON
CLUB
CROSS
CUBE
CYLINDER
DIAMOND
FLAG
HEART
PILLAR
POINT
PRISM
PYRAMID
SPADE
SQUARE
STAR

Scatter Plot Symbols

[Symboll Shapes]

Default:	Pyramid
Restriction:	These symbols might vary for Java and ActiveX

SIZE=symbol-size | size-variable

specifies either a constant or a numeric variable, the values of which determine the size of symbol shapes on the scatter plot.

If you specify SIZE=symbol-size, all data points are drawn in that size.

If you specify SIZE=size-variable, the size of the data point is determined by the value of the size variable, in the input data set for that observation. For example, when you specify SIZE=CLASS, the procedure uses the value of the variable CLASS, for each observation in the input data set as the size of that data point. If you use a list of sizes as the value of the variable named in SIZE=size-variable, you can assign different sizes to the data points to categorize your data.

TILT=angle-list

specifies one or more angles at which to tilt the graph toward you. The value must be specified in degrees. The valid values specified in the angle-list are 0 through 90. To generate a sequence of graphs, specify different angles, and a graph is generated for each angle. The angles that are specified in the TILT= option are paired with any angles that are specified with the ROTATE= option. If one option contains fewer values than the other, the last value in the shorter list is paired with the remaining values in the longer list. The angle-list is in one of the following forms:

an explicit list of values: n <...n>
a starting and an ending value with an interval increment: n TO n <BY increment>
a combination of both forms: n <...n> TO n <BY increment > <n <...n> >

Default:

70 degrees

XAXIS= AXIS<1...<99>

assigns an axis definition.

Restriction:

Partially supported by Java and ActiveX

XTICKNUM=number-of-tick-marks

specify the number of major tick marks that are located on a plot's X axis. At least two values are needed to generate the axis.

Default:

4 (except Java and ActiveX are 5)

YAXIS= AXIS<1...<99>

assigns an axis definition.

Restriction:

Partially supported by Java and ActiveX only

YTICKNUM=number-of-tick-marks

specify the number of major tick marks that are located on a plot's Y axis. At least two values are needed to generate the axis.

Default:

4 (except Java and ActiveX are 5)

ZAXIS= AXIS<1...<99>

assigns an axis definition.

Restriction:

Partially supported by Java and ActiveX

ZMAX=maximum-value

specify the maximum data value that is displayed on a plot's Z axis. You can use the ZMAX= option to extend the Z axis beyond the value range. The value that is specified by the ZMAX= option must be greater than that specified by the ZMIN= option. If you specify the ZMAX= option within the range of the Z variable values, the plot's data values are clipped at the level you specified.

Default:

Maximum value of Z variable

ZMIN=minimum-value

specifies the minimum value that is displayed on a plot's Z axis. Defining the ZMIN= value less than the minimum value in the input data set extends the plot's Z axis. Defining the ZMIN= value greater than the minimum value in the input data set displays all Z values in the range of ZMIN-to-ZMAX, and might cause data clipping.

The value of the ZMIN= option must be less than the value of the ZMAX= option.

Default:

The minimum value of the Z variable

ZTICKNUM=number-of-tick-marks

specify the number of major tick marks that are located on a plot's Z axis. At least two values are needed to generate the axis.

Default:

4 (except ActiveX is 5)

Changing the Appearance of the Data Points

Use the COLOR=, SHAPE=, and SIZE= options to change the appearance of your scatter plot or to classify data using color, shape, size, or any combination of these features. Scatter Plot Symbols illustrates the shape names that you can specify in the SHAPE= option. To make all of the data points red balloons at twice the normal size, use the following code:

scatter y*x=z /color="red" shape="balloon" size=2;

To size your points according to the values of the variable TYPE in your input data set, use the following code:

scatter y*x=z / size=type;

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	DESCRIPTION="description"
	NAME="name"