Example 18.9 Circuit Estimation

Consider the nonlinear circuit shown in Figure 18.93.

Figure 18.93 Nonlinear Resistor Capacitor Circuit

The theory of electric circuits is governed by Kirchhoff’s laws: the sum of the currents flowing to a node is zero, and the net voltage drop around a closed loop is zero. In addition to Kirchhoff’s laws, there are relationships between the current I through each element and the voltage drop V across the elements. For the circuit in Figure 18.93, the relationships are

for the capacitor and

for the nonlinear resistor. The following differential equation describes the current at node 2 as a function of time and voltage for this circuit:

This equation can be written in the form

Consider the following data.

data circ;
   input v2 v1 time@@;
datalines;
-0.00007 0.0 0.0000000001 0.00912 0.5 0.0000000002
 0.03091 1.0 0.0000000003 0.06419 1.5 0.0000000004
 0.11019 2.0 0.0000000005 0.16398 2.5 0.0000000006
 0.23048 3.0 0.0000000007 0.30529 3.5 0.0000000008
 0.39394 4.0 0.0000000009 0.49121 4.5 0.0000000010
 0.59476 5.0 0.0000000011 0.70285 5.0 0.0000000012
 0.81315 5.0 0.0000000013 0.90929 5.0 0.0000000014
 1.01412 5.0 0.0000000015 1.11386 5.0 0.0000000016
 1.21106 5.0 0.0000000017 1.30237 5.0 0.0000000018
 1.40461 5.0 0.0000000019 1.48624 5.0 0.0000000020
 1.57894 5.0 0.0000000021 1.66471 5.0 0.0000000022
;

You can estimate the parameters in the preceding equation by using the following SAS statements:

title1 'Circuit Model Estimation Example';

proc model data=circ mintimestep=1.0e-23;
   parm R2 2000  R1 4000 C 5.0e-13;
   dert.v2 = (v1-v2)/((r1 + r2*(1-exp( -(v1-v2)))) * C);
   fit v2;
run;

The results of the estimation are shown in Output 18.9.1.