Displays information about the contents of a layer entry. Also, creates a new layer entry, replaces an existing entry, modifies the characteristics of an entry, or deletes an entry.
specifies a composite that defines the common characteristic of the features in the layer.
defines the static appearance of a layer.
specifies a descriptive phrase that is stored in the description field of the layer entry
specifies the scale at or below which detail coordinates are displayed, provided that detail points are available.
specifies whether the detail coordinates are read for this layer.
enables you to create more than one theme by using the same variable from the same attribute data set.
specifies the numeric scale at or below which map labels are displayed.
specifies the scale at or below which the layer is hidden.
specifies the scale at or below which the layer is displayed.
specifies whether the current theme in the layer is turned on when the map is opened.
enables you to modify or delete existing themes or to create new themes.
specifies the type of layer.
specifies the scale units for subsequent ONSCALE=, OFFSCALE=, and DETAILON= argument values.
specifies a WHERE expression that subsets the chains data set to define a geographic layer of a spatial database.
specifies the layer entry that you want to create, delete, replace, or update. The layer-name value must conform to the following rules for SAS names:
You must specify one of the following values for the operation keyword:
An error occurs if the specified layer entry does not exist.
Restriction | No additional arguments (other than the layer entry name) are used with the CONTENTS operation. |
creates a new layer entry to define a particular set of features in the spatial database. The LAYER CREATE statement does not overwrite existing layer entries. An error occurs if a layer entry with the specified name already exists. Use LAYER REPLACE to replace an existing entry.
Requirement | For the CREATE operation, you must also specify either the COMPOSITE= argument or the WHERE= argument. For area layers, you must use the COMPOSITE= argument. |
removes the specified layer entry. For the DELETE operation,
you can also specify the special value _ALL_
for
the layer-entry name to delete
all layer entries in the current catalog.
An error occurs if the specified layer entry does not exist.
Restriction | No additional arguments (other than the layer entry name) are used with the DELETE operation. |
Note | You must specify a new layer list for any map entries that refer to the deleted layer entry. |
CAUTION: |
Requirement | For the REPLACE operation, you must also specify either the COMPOSITE= argument or the WHERE= argument. For area layers, you must use the COMPOSITE= argument. |
modifies the specified layer entry by applying new values for specified arguments. An error occurs if there is no existing layer entry with the specified name.
When you specify CONTENTS, CREATE, REPLACE, or UPDATE for the operation argument in a LAYER statement, you can specify one or more of the following additional optional arguments. Separate the list of options from the layer-entry argument with a slash (/).
specifies a composite that defines the common characteristic of the features in the layer. The COMPOSITE= argument is an alternative to specifying a WHERE expression by using the WHERE= argument. For example, you specify COMPOSITE=STATE in the LAYER statement. The STATE composite specifies with the variable association VAR=(LEFT=STATEL,RIGHT=STATER). In this case the implied WHERE expression that is stored in the layer entry is WHERE STATEL NE STATER.
Note | Either the COMPOSITE= argument or the WHERE= argument is required when you use the CREATE or REPLACE operation. For area layers, you must use the COMPOSITE= argument. |
defines the static appearance of the area fills in an area layer. You can specify the following arguments:
specifies an angle for hatched and crosshatched lines. The ANGLE= value must be greater than or equal to zero and less than 90 (for crosshatch), or greater than or equal to zero and less than 180 (for hatch).
Default | 0 (for HATCH and CROSSHATCH) |
Ranges | 0 – 90 (HATCH) |
0 – 180 (CROSSHATCH) |
specifies the fill color of the area. The color value must be one of the following:
Default | GRAY |
See | For more information about color-naming schemes, see “Specifying Colors in SAS/GRAPH Programs” in SAS/GRAPH: Reference. |
specifies the spacing between hatched lines or crosshatched lines. The lower the number, the less space between lines.
Default | 7 |
Range | 2 – 10 |
specifies the fill style of the area.
Default | FILLED (area contains a solid color) |
Restriction | The AREA= option is valid only when TYPE=AREA is specified in the layer definition. |
defines the static appearance of the optional centerline in a line layer. You can specify the following arguments:
specifies the color of the centerline. The color value must be one of the following:
Default | BLACK |
See | For more information about color naming schemes, see “Specifying Colors in SAS/GRAPH Programs” in SAS/GRAPH: Reference. |
specifies whether the optional centerline is displayed.
Default | OFF |
specifies the style of the centerline.
Default | SOLID |
specifies the width of the centerline.
Default | 1 |
Range | 1 – 20 |
Restriction | The CENTERLINE= option is valid only when TYPE=LINE is specified in the layer definition. |
defines the static appearance of the lines in a line layer. You can specify the following arguments:
specifies the color of the line. The color value must be one of the following:
Default | BLACK |
See | For more information about color-naming schemes, see “Specifying Colors in SAS/GRAPH Programs” in SAS/GRAPH: Reference. |
specifies the style of the line.
Default | SOLID |
specifies the width of the line.
Default | 1 |
Range | 1 – 20 |
Restriction | The LINE= option is valid only when TYPE=LINE is specified in the layer definition. |
defines the appearance of the area outlines in an area layer. You can specify the following arguments:
specifies the color of the outline. The color value must be one of the following:
Default | BLACK |
See | For more information about color-naming schemes, see “Specifying Colors in SAS/GRAPH Programs” in SAS/GRAPH: Reference. |
specifies whether the area outline is displayed.
Default | ON |
specifies the style of the area outline.
Default | SOLID |
specifies the width of the area outline.
Default | 1 |
Range | 1 – 20 |
Restriction | The OUTLINE= option is valid only when TYPE=AREA is specified in the layer definition. |
defines the static appearance of the symbols in a point layer. You can specify the following arguments:
specifies the character to use for the point symbol. CHARACTER= must specify a single character in quotation marks.
Default | 'W' (a dot in the MARKER font) |
specifies the color of the point symbol. The color value must be one of the following:
Default | BLACK |
See | For more information about color-naming schemes, see “Specifying Colors in SAS/GRAPH Programs” in SAS/GRAPH: Reference. |
specifies the name of the font to use for the point symbol. Font verification can be overridden by using the FORCE option in the LAYER statement.
Default | MARKER |
specifies the size of the point symbol.
Default | 8 |
Range | 1 – 21 |
Restriction | The POINT= option is valid only when TYPE=POINT is specified in the layer definition. |
Default | Blank |
specifies the scale at or below which detail coordinates are displayed, provided that detail points are available. This argument helps keep the detail level of a layer to a minimum when the map is zoomed to a large scale. By default, detail is displayed at all scales when detail is turned on.
Interaction | The DETAILON= argument is effective only when detail coordinates are read for the layer. The DETAILS argument controls whether detail coordinates are read. |
specifies whether the detail coordinates are read for this layer. If you specify DETAILS to read the detail coordinates from the database, you can use the DETAILON= argument to control the scale at which the detail coordinates are actually displayed.
Default | NODETAILS |
specifies the numeric scale at or below which map labels are displayed. This argument helps keep the number of items in the map window to a minimum when the map is zoomed to a large scale. By default, labels are displayed at all scales.
sets a map scale where the layer is turned off when zoomed. The value is a real number.
enables or disables the layer off-scale. If disabled, current scale settings remain intact.
specifies KM/CM (kilometers per centimeter) as the units.
specifies MI/IN (miles per inch) as the units.
are other arbitrary combinations of units. Valid values are KM, M, CM, MI, FT, and IN. Real-units is typically KM, M, MI, or FT, and map-units is usually either CM or IN. Long forms of the unit names (for example, KILOMETERS or INCH (singular or plural) are also acceptable).
disables the layer off-scale and removes all parameters.
Default | METRIC |
sets a map scale where the layer is turned on when zoomed. The value is a real number.
enables or disables the layer on-scale. If disabled, current scale settings remain intact.
specifies KM/CM (kilometers per centimeter) as the units.
specifies MI/IN (miles per inch) as the units.
are other arbitrary combinations of units. Valid values are KM, M, CM, MI, FT, and IN. Real-units is typically KM, M, MI, or FT, and map-units is usually either CM or IN. Long forms of the unit names (for example, KILOMETERS or INCH (singular or plural), are also acceptable).
disables the layer on-scale and removes all parameters.
Default | METRIC |
turns the current theme off so that it is not displayed when the map is opened. It does not remove the theme from the layer entry. If the layer has no theme, STATIC is ignored. The default appearance of a newly created layer is STATIC. Use the LAYER statement's DEFAULT= option to modify static graphical attributes. See DEFAULT=(static-arguments) for more information.
turns the current theme in the layer on so that it is displayed when the map is opened. If the layer has no theme, this option has no effect. Use the LAYER statement's THEME= option to create a theme in a layer. See THEME=(operation theme-arguments) for more information.
specifies one of the following actions for the theme:
creates a new theme for the specified layer entry.
modifies the specified theme for the layer entry by applying new values for specified arguments.
are described in Additional Optional Arguments for Themes.
The layer's features are discrete points and have no length or area associated with them. If a POINT feature has left and right attributes, the values of the attributes must be identical.
The layer's features have length, and they can have different values for their left and right attributes. However, a LINE feature can enclose an area, even though it is displayed as a line.
The layer's features have length and area associations and the layer is displayed as enclosed polygons.
Requirement | Each area layer must have a polygonal index for the composite that defines the area boundaries. |
Default | LINE |
selects nonmetric as the scale units (for example, miles per inch or feet per inch).
selects metric as the scale units (for example, kilometers per centimeter or meters per centimeter).
selects a user-defined combination of units. Valid values for real-units and map-units are as follows:
Default | METRIC |
specifies a WHERE expression that subsets the chains data set to define a geographic layer of a spatial database. The where-string value can contain a complete valid WHERE expression of 200 characters or fewer.
To specify a WHERE expression greater than 200 characters, you must break the expression into separate quoted strings. When WHERE= is processed, the strings are concatenated, with a space between each string, and the entire expression is evaluated.
If you are using multiple strings, each string does not have to contain a complete WHERE expression, but the concatenated expression must be valid.
You can use any of the variables in the chains data set in the WHERE expressions, not just the coordinate variables. However, the layer definition must not delineate a bounded geographic region, but rather a particular subset of the spatial data that is independent of the coverage. For example, a STREETS layer might apply to all the spatial data, even if streets do not exist in many areas. You can use only variables in the WHERE expression, not composites. Specify WHERE='1' to define a layer that contains all the features in the map.
Note | Either the WHERE= argument or the COMPOSITE= argument is required when you use the CREATE or REPLACE operation. For area layers, you must use the COMPOSITE= argument. If you use the WHERE= argument, the default layer type is LINE. |
defines the appearance of the area fill for each level of a theme for an area layer. You can specify the following arguments:
defines the appearance of a theme level for an area layer. Enclose each level definition in parentheses. The definition contains the following arguments:
specifies an angle for hatched and crosshatched lines. The ANGLE= value must be greater than or equal to zero and less than 90 (for crosshatch), or greater than or equal to 0 and less than 180 (for hatch). The default is the angle of the static area for this layer.
Ranges | 0 – 90 (CROSSHATCH) |
0 – 180 (HATCH) |
specifies the fill color of the area. The value must be one of the following:
Default | GRAY |
See | For more information about color-naming schemes, see “Specifying Colors in SAS/GRAPH Programs” in SAS/GRAPH: Reference. |
specifies which level of the theme is being modified. For example, LEVEL=1 refers to the first range level in this theme. LEVEL=FIRST and LEVEL=LAST can also be used to denote the initial and final range levels. If the LEVEL= arguments are omitted, the entered theme parameters are assigned to the range levels in sequence.
specifies the spacing between hatched lines or crosshatched lines. The lower the number, the less space between lines. The default is the spacing of the static area for this layer. Specify CURRENT when you want to specify BLENDSPACING and use this range as one of the spacing values between which to interpolate.
Range | 2 – 10 |
specifies the fill style of the area. The default is the style of the static area for this layer.
interpolates the color values for any theme range levels between those specified with LEVEL=. If you want to blend between existing colors, indicate the colors with COLOR=CURRENT.
interpolates the hatched or crosshatched style for any theme range levels between those specified with LEVEL=. To blend between existing spacing values, indicate them as SPACING=CURRENT. If any intermediate range levels are not hatched or crosshatched, BLENDSPACING ignores them.
Restriction | The AREA= option is valid only when TYPE=AREA is specified in the layer definition. |
defines the appearance of the optional centerline for a theme in a line layer. You can specify the following arguments.
specifies the color of the centerline. The color value must be one of the following:
specifies the style of the centerline. The default is the style of the static centerline for this layer.
specifies whether the optional centerline is displayed. The default is the display status of the static centerline for this layer.
specifies the width of the centerline. The default is the width of the static centerline for this layer.
Range | 1 – 20 |
Restriction | The CENTERLINE= option is valid only when TYPE=LINE is specified in the layer definition. |
lists one or more spatial composite names when you create a new key or link for a theme. If only one composite is listed, you can omit the parentheses. The composites are paired with the attribute data set variables that are named in the DATAVAR= argument. Sometimes the composite names and the data set variable names are the same. In those cases, you can specify them once with either the COMPOSITE= or DATAVAR= lists, and those names will be used for both.
Note | This is not the same argument as the COMPOSITE = argument that is used to set up a WHERE expression when you create an AREA type layer. |
specifies the attribute data set when you create a new key link for a theme. If you specify a one-level data set name, the default library is WORK.
lists attribute data set variables when you create a new key link for a theme. If only one variable is listed, you can omit the parentheses. These variables are paired with the spatial composites that are named in the COMPOSITE= argument. Sometimes the data set variable names and the composite names are the same. In those cases, you can specify them once with either the COMPOSITE= or DATAVAR= lists, and those names will be used for both.
defines the appearance of the line for each level of a theme for a line layer. You can specify the following arguments:
defines the appearance of a theme level for a line layer. Enclose each level definition in parentheses. The definition contains the following arguments:
specifies the color of the line. The value must be one of the following:
specifies which level of the theme is being modified. For example, LEVEL=1 refers to the first range level in this theme. LEVEL=FIRST and LEVEL=LAST can also be used to denote the initial and final range levels. If the LEVEL= arguments are omitted, the entered theme parameters are assigned to the range levels in sequence.
specifies the style of the line. The default is the style of the static line for this layer.
specifies the width of the line. The default is the width of the static line for this layer. Specify CURRENT when you use the BLENDWIDTH option and want to use this existing range level width as one of those between which to interpolate.
Range | 1 – 20 |
interpolates the color values for any theme range levels between those specified with LEVEL=. If you want to blend between existing colors, indicate the colors with COLOR=CURRENT.
interpolates the line width for any theme range levels between those specified with LEVEL=. To blend between existing widths, indicate the widths as WIDTH=CURRENT.
Restriction | The LINE= option is valid only when TYPE=LINE is specified in the layer definition. |
specifies the attribute data set containing the theme variable to be used. If you do not specify a link-name value and you are performing an update, the current data set link is used.
specifies that the specified theme is to be the current theme when the map opens. MAKE_CURRENT is the default when a theme is created or updated.
specifies that the specified theme should be created or modified but is not to be made the current theme.
specifies the number of range levels in the theme. The value for NLEVELS must be an integer greater than one. You cannot specify both NLEVELS and RANGE=DEFAULT or RANGE=DISCRETE. If you specify NLEVELS, RANGE=LEVELS is assumed and can be omitted.
defines the appearance of the polygon outlines for each level of a theme for an area layer. You can specify the following arguments:
specifies the color of the outline. The color value must be one of the following:
specifies whether the area outline is displayed. The default is the display status of the static outline for this layer.
specifies the style of the outline. The default is the style of the static outline for this layer.
specifies the width of the outline. The default is the width of the static outline for this layer.
Range | 1 – 20 |
Restriction | The OUTLINE= option is valid only when TYPE=AREA is specified in the layer definition. |
defines the appearance of the symbol for each level of a theme for a point layer. You can specify the following arguments:
defines the appearance of a theme level for a point layer. Enclose each level definition in parentheses. The definition contains the following arguments:
specifies the character to use for the point symbol. CHARACTER= must specify a single character in quotation marks. The default is the character of the static point symbol for this layer.
specifies the color of the point symbol. The value must be one of the following:
specifies the font to use for the point symbol. FONT= must specify a valid font name. The default is the font of the static point symbol for this layer. Font verification can be overridden by using the FORCE option in the LAYER statement.
specifies which theme range is being modified. For example, LEVEL=1 refers to the first range level in this theme. LEVEL=FIRST and LEVEL=LAST can also be used to denote the initial and final range levels. If LEVEL=1 is omitted, the entered theme parameters are assigned to the range levels in sequence.
specifies the size of the point symbol. The default is the size of the static point symbol for this layer. Specify CURRENT when you use the BLENDSIZE option and want to use this existing range level size as one of those points between which to interpolate.
Range | 1 – 21 |
interpolates the color values for any theme range levels between those that you specified with LEVEL=. If you want to blend between existing colors, indicate the colors with COLOR=CURRENT.
interpolates the point size for any theme range levels between those that you specified with LEVEL=. To blend between existing sizes, indicate the sizes as SIZE=CURRENT.
Restriction | The POINT= option is valid only when TYPE=POINT is specified in the layer definition. |
specifies the position
number of the target theme, starting from position 1. Negative numbers
refer to positions counted backward from the last theme of the layer.
For example, position=-2
refers to the second
from last theme of the layer. Zero refers to the current theme, regardless
of its position in the theme list. If POSITION is omitted, the default
for all operations is the last theme for the layer.
specifies the thematic range type.
Increments are calculated automatically using an algorithm that is based on the 1985 paper by G.R. Terrell and D. W. Scott, “Oversmoothed Nonparametric Density Estimates” in the Journal of the American Statistical Association, Volume 80, pages 209-214.
The range is treated as a series of discrete values instead of a continuous variable. If the variable that is specified in the THEMEVAR= argument is a character variable, only RANGE=DISCRETE is allowed.
The range is divided into evenly spaced increments. You do not have to specify RANGE=LEVELS if you specify NLEVELS=integer instead.
composite create county / var=(left=countyl,right=countyr) class=area; run; polygonal index create county / composite=county out=gmaps.cntyx; run; layer create county / composite=county type=area; run;
layer create roads / where='cfcc =: "A"' type=line; run;
proc gis c=sasuser.mall; spatial mall; layer update store / theme=( update pos=1 themevar=rent range=levels nlevels=9 area=((level=first color=blue) (level=last color=cxff0000) blendcolor)); run; quit;