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The SURVEYMEANS Procedure

Ratio

When you use a RATIO statement, the procedure produces statistics requested by the statistic-keywords in the PROC SURVEYMEANS  statement.

Suppose that you want to calculate the ratio of variable to variable . Let be the value of variable for the th member in cluster in the th stratum.

The ratio of to is

     

PROC SURVEYMEANS  uses the Taylor series method to estimate the variance of the ratio as

     

where if ,

     
     
     

and if ,

     

The standard error of the ratio is the square root of the estimated variance:

     

When the denominator for a ratio is zero, then the value of the ratio is displayed as '–Infty', 'Infty', or a missing value, depending on whether the numerator is negative, positive, or zero, respectively; and the corresponding internal value is the special missing value '.M', the special missing value '.I', or the usual missing value, respectively.

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