| Category | Language elements | Description |
|---|---|---|
| DBCS | %KCMPRES Macro Function | Compresses multiple blanks and removes leading and trailing blanks. |
| %KINDEX Macro Function | Returns the position of the first character of a string. | |
| %KLEFT and %QKLEFT Macro Functions | Left-aligns an argument by removing leading blanks. | |
| %KLENGTH Macro Function | Returns the length of a string. | |
| %KSCAN and %QKSCAN Functions | Search for a word that is specified by its position in a string. | |
| %KSUBSTR and %QKSUBSTR Macro Functions | Produce a substring of a character string. | |
| %KUPCASE and %QKUPCASE Macro Functions | Convert values to uppercase. |