Plotting the Relationship between Variables

Input File and SAS Data Set for Examples

The examples in this section use one input file(footnote 1) and one SAS data set. The input file contains information about the high and low values of the Dow Jones Industrial Average from 1954 to 1998. The input file has the following structure:

1954  31DEC1954  404.39  11JAN1954  279.87
1955  30DEC1955  488.40  17JAN1955  388.20
1956  06APR1956  521.05  23JAN1956  462.35
1957  12JUL1957  520.77  22OCT1957  419.79
1958  31DEC1958  583.65  25FEB1958  436.89
...more data lines...
1995  13DEC1995 5216.47  30JAN1995 3832.08
1996  27DEC1996 6560.91  10JAN1996 5032.94
1997  06AUG1997 8259.31  11APR1997 6391.69
1998  23NOV1998 9374.27  31AUG1998 7539.07

The input file contains the following values from left to right:

the year that the observation describes
the date of the yearly high for the Dow Jones Industrial Average
the yearly high value for the Dow Jones Industrial Average
the date of the yearly low for the Dow Jones Industrial Average
the yearly low value for the Dow Jones Industrial Average

The following program creates the SAS data set HIGHLOW:

options pagesize=60 linesize=80 pageno=1 nodate;

data highlow;
   infile 'your-input-file';
   input Year @7 DateOfHigh date9. DowJonesHigh @28 DateOfLow date9. DowJonesLow;
   format LogDowHigh LogDowLow 5.2 DateOfHigh DateOfLow date9.;
   LogDowHigh=log(DowJonesHigh);
   LogDowLow=log(DowJonesLow);
run;

The computed variables LogDowHigh and LogDowLow contain the log transformation of the yearly high and low values for the Dow Jones Industrial Average.

proc print data=highlow;
   title 'Dow Jones Industrial Average Yearly High and Low Values';
run;

A Listing of the HIGHLOW Data Set

            Dow Jones Industrial Average Yearly High and Low Values            1

                              Dow                                 Log
                  DateOf     Jones                     Dow        Dow     Log
Obs    Year         High      High     DateOfLow    JonesLow     High    DowLow

  1    1954    31DEC1954     404.39    11JAN1954      279.87     6.00     5.63 
  2    1955    30DEC1955     488.40    17JAN1955      388.20     6.19     5.96 
  3    1956    06APR1956     521.05    23JAN1956      462.35     6.26     6.14 
  4    1957    12JUL1957     520.77    22OCT1957      419.79     6.26     6.04 
  5    1958    31DEC1958     583.65    25FEB1958      436.89     6.37     6.08 
  6    1959    31DEC1959     679.36    09FEB1959      574.46     6.52     6.35 
  7    1960    05JAN1960     685.47    25OCT1960      568.05     6.53     6.34 
  8    1961    13DEC1961     734.91    03JAN1961      610.25     6.60     6.41 
  9    1962    03JAN1962     726.01    26JUN1962      535.76     6.59     6.28 
 10    1963    18DEC1963     767.21    02JAN1963      646.79     6.64     6.47 
 11    1964    18NOV1964     891.71    02JAN1964      768.08     6.79     6.64 
 12    1965    31DEC1965     969.26    28JUN1965      840.59     6.88     6.73 
 13    1966    09FEB1966     995.15    07OCT1966      744.32     6.90     6.61 
 14    1967    25SEP1967     943.08    03JAN1967      786.41     6.85     6.67 
 15    1968    03DEC1968     985.21    21MAR1968      825.13     6.89     6.72 
 16    1969    14MAY1969     968.85    17DEC1969      769.93     6.88     6.65 
 17    1970    29DEC1970     842.00    06MAY1970      631.16     6.74     6.45 
 18    1971    28APR1971     950.82    23NOV1971      797.97     6.86     6.68 
 19    1972    11DEC1972    1036.27    26JAN1972      889.15     6.94     6.79 
 20    1973    11JAN1973    1051.70    05DEC1973      788.31     6.96     6.67 
 21    1974    13MAR1974     891.66    06DEC1974      577.60     6.79     6.36 
 22    1975    15JUL1975     881.81    02JAN1975      632.04     6.78     6.45 
 23    1976    21SEP1976    1014.79    02JAN1976      858.71     6.92     6.76 
 24    1977    03JAN1977     999.75    02NOV1977      800.85     6.91     6.69 
 25    1978    08SEP1978     907.74    28FEB1978      742.12     6.81     6.61 
 26    1979    05OCT1979     897.61    07NOV1979      796.67     6.80     6.68 
 27    1980    20NOV1980    1000.17    21APR1980      759.13     6.91     6.63 
 28    1981    27APR1981    1024.05    25SEP1981      824.01     6.93     6.71 
 29    1982    27DEC1982    1070.55    12AUG1982      776.92     6.98     6.66 
 30    1983    29NOV1983    1287.20    03JAN1983     1027.04     7.16     6.93 
 31    1984    06JAN1984    1286.64    24JUL1984     1086.57     7.16     6.99 
 32    1985    16DEC1985    1553.10    04JAN1985     1184.96     7.35     7.08 
 33    1986    02DEC1986    1955.57    22JAN1986     1502.29     7.58     7.31 
 34    1987    25AUG1987    2722.42    19OCT1987     1738.74     7.91     7.46 
 35    1988    21OCT1988    2183.50    20JAN1988     1879.14     7.69     7.54 
 36    1989    09OCT1989    2791.41    03JAN1989     2144.64     7.93     7.67 
 37    1990    16JUL1990    2999.75    11OCT1990     2365.10     8.01     7.77 
 38    1991    31DEC1991    3168.83    09JAN1991     2470.30     8.06     7.81 
 39    1992    01JUN1992    3413.21    09OCT1992     3136.58     8.14     8.05 
 40    1993    29DEC1993    3794.33    20JAN1993     3241.95     8.24     8.08 
 41    1994    31JAN1994    3978.36    04APR1994     3593.35     8.29     8.19 
 42    1995    13DEC1995    5216.47    30JAN1995     3832.08     8.56     8.25 
 43    1996    27DEC1996    6560.91    10JAN1996     5032.94     8.79     8.52 
 44    1997    06AUG1997    8259.31    11APR1997     6391.69     9.02     8.76 
 45    1998    23NOV1998    9374.27    31AUG1998     7539.07     9.15     8.93

Note: All graphics output in this section uses an OPTIONS statement that specifies PAGESIZE=40 and LINESIZE=76. When the PAGESIZE= and LINESIZE= options are set, they remain in effect until you reset the options with another OPTIONS statement, or you end the SAS session. [cautionend]

FOOTNOTE 1: Refer to Additional Data Sets for a complete listing of the input data.

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