Providing software solutions since 1976
Spatial Analysis Procedures
- GLIMMIX — Fits generalized linear mixed models
- KRIGE2D — Performs ordinary kriging in two dimensions
- MIXED — Fits general linear models with fixed and random effects
- SIM2D — Produces a spatial simulation for a Gaussian random field with a specified mean and covariance structure in two dimensions by using an LU decomposition technique
- VARIOGRAM — Computes empirical measures of spatial continuity for two-dimensional spatial data
Spatial Analysis
Many activities in science and technology involve measurements of one or more quantities at given spatial locations, with the goal of predicting the measured quantities at unsampled locations. Application areas include reservoir prediction in mining and petroleum exploration, as well as modeling in a broad spectrum of fields (for example, environmental health, environmental pollution, natural resources and energy, hydrology, risk analysis). Often, the unsampled locations are on a regular grid, and the predictions are used to produce surface plots or contour maps.
The preceding tasks fall within the scope of spatial prediction, which, in general, is any prediction method that incorporates spatial dependence. The study of these tasks involves naturally occurring uncertainties that cannot be ignored. Stochastic analysis frameworks and methods are used to account for these uncertainties.
Below are highlights of the capabilities of the SAS/STAT® procedures that perform spatial analysis:
- ordinary kriging in two dimensions
- generalized linear mixed models
- general linear models with fixed and random effects
- spatial simulation for a Gaussian random field with a specified mean and covariance structure in two dimensions
- empirical measures of spatial continuity for two-dimensional spatial data
- spatial autocorrelation statistics
- automated semivariogram fitting
- customizable graphics for spatial data exploration and display of resulting predictions and simulations
- item stores for passing semivariogram information to kriging and simulation procedures
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