Intergrating Results through Meta-Analytic Review Using SAS Software

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1

• 1.1 Narrative (Qualitative) and Meta-Analytic (Quantitative) Literature Reviews
• 1.2 Increasing Use of Meta-Analysis
• 1.3 Two Approaches to Conducting a Meta-Analysis
• 1.4 Operationally Defining Abstract Concepts in Research
• 1.5 Categorical (Qualitative) and Continuous (Quantitative) Variables
• 1.6 Some Issues to Consider When Conducting a Meta-Analysis
• 1.7 Using the SAS System to Conduct a Meta-Analysis
• 1.8 References

CHAPTER 2: USING THE SASŪ SYSTEM TO CONDUCT A META-ANALYSIS

• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Help for New Users of SAS Software
• 2.3 Creating a Meta-Analytic Data Set Using SAS Software
• 2.4 Manipulating a SAS Data Set Using the SAS DATA Step
• 2.5 Creating a Permanent SAS Data Library
• 2.6 Using a SAS Macro
• 2.7 Creating and Manipulating a SAS Graph
• 2.8 SAS Procedures Used in This Book
• 2.9 Conclusions
• 2.10 References

CHAPTER 3: GRAPHICAL PRESENTATION OF META-ANALYTIC RESULTS

• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Dot Plots
• 3.3 Funnel Plots
• 3.4 Normal Quantile Plots
• 3.5 Stem-and-Leaf Plots
• 3.6 Box Plots
• 3.7 Conclusions
• 3.8 References
• 3.9 Appendices

CHAPTER 4: COMBINING EFFECT-SIZE ESTIMATES BASED ON CATEGORICAL DATA

• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Two-Way Contingency Tables
• 4.3 The Odds Ratio
• 4.4 Combining Odds Ratios Using the Weighted Average Method
• 4.5 Heterogeneity Test for Odds Ratios
• 4.6 Combining Odds Ratios Using the Mantel-Haenszel Method
• 4.7 Controlling for the Effects of Covariates
• 4.8 Conclusions
• 4.9 References
• 4.10 Appendices

CHAPTER 5: COMBINING EFFECT-SIZE ESTIMATES BASED ON CONTINUOUS DATA

• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Two Families of Effect Sizes
• 5.3 Converting Test Statistics to Effect-Size Estimates and Converting Effect-Size Estimators from One Type to Another
• 5.4 Combining Sample Standardized Mean Differences
• 5.5 Combining Sample Correlation Coefficients
• 5.6 Conclusions
• 5.7 References
• 5.8 Appendices

CHAPTER 6: VOTE-COUNTING PROCEDURES IN META-ANALYSIS

• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 The Conventional Vote-Counting Procedure
• 6.3 Level of Significance
• 6.4 Vote-Counting Situations
• 6.5 Conclusions
• 6.6 References
• 6.7 Appendices

CHAPTER 7: COMBINING EFFECT-SIZE ESTIMATES AND VOTE COUNTS

• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 Using the Combined Procedure to Estimate the Population Standardized Mean Difference
• 7.3 Using the Combined Procedure to Estimate the Population Correlation Coefficient
• 7.4 Conclusions
• 7.5 References
• 7.6 Appendices

CHAPTER 8: FIXED-EFFECTS MODELS IN META-ANALYSIS

• 8.1 Introduction
• 8.2 Fixed- and Random-Effects Models in Individual Experiments
• 8.3 Fixed- and Random-Effects Models in Meta-Analysis
• 8.4 Testing the Moderating Effects of Categorical Study Characteristics in ANOVA Models 229
• 8.5 Testing the Moderating Effects of Continuous Study Characteristics in Regression Models
• 8.6 Quantifying Variation Explained by Study Characteristics in ANOVA and Regression Models
• 8.7 Conclusions
• 8.8 References

CHAPTER 9: RANDOM-EFFECTS MODELS IN META-ANALYSIS

• 9.1 Introduction
• 9.2 Testing the Moderating Effects of Categorical Study Characteristics in ANOVA Models
• 9.3 Testing the Moderating Effects of Continuous Study Characteristics in Regression Models
• 9.4 Conclusions
• 9.5 References

CHAPTER 10: COMBINING CORRELATED EFFECT-SIZE ESTIMATES

• 10.1 Introduction
• 10.2 Combining the Results from Multiple-Treatment Studies
• 10.3 Combining the Results from Multiple-Endpoint Studies
• 10.4 Conclusions
• 10.5 References
• 10.6 Appendices

CHAPTER 11: CONDUCTING AND REPORTING THE RESULTS OF A META-ANALYSIS

• 11.1 Introduction
• 11.2 Reporting the Results of the Literature Search
• 11.3 Reporting the Results of the Data Collection
• 11.4 Reporting the Results of the Data Analysis
• 11.5 Example of a Meta-Analysis
• 11.6 Conclusions
• 11.7 References

INDEX