The DOMAIN statement requests analysis for subpopulations, or domains, in addition to analysis for the entire study population. The DOMAIN statement names the variables that identify domains, which are called domain variables.

It is common practice to compute statistics for domains. The formation of these domains might be unrelated to the sample design. Therefore, the sample sizes for the domains are random variables. In order to incorporate this variability into the variance estimation, you should use a DOMAIN statement.

Note that a DOMAIN statement is different from a BY statement. In a BY statement, you treat the sample sizes as fixed in each subpopulation, and you perform analysis within each BY group independently.

You should use the DOMAIN statement on the entire data set to perform the domain analysis. Creating a new data set from a single domain and analyzing that with SURVEYREG yields inappropriate estimates of variance.

A domain variable can be either character or numeric. The procedure treats domain variables as categorical variables. If a variable appears by itself in a DOMAIN statement, each level of this variable determines a domain in the study population. If two or more variables are joined by asterisks (*), then every possible combination of levels of these variables determines a domain. The procedure performs a descriptive analysis within each domain defined by the domain variables.

The formatted values of the domain variables determine the categorical variable levels. Thus, you can use formats to group values into levels. See the FORMAT procedure in the Base SAS Procedures Guide and the FORMAT statement and SAS formats in SAS Language Reference: Dictionary for more information.