%KUPCASE and %QKUPCASE Macro Functions

Convert values to uppercase.

Category:	DBCS
Type:	NLS macro function

Syntax

Details

Examples

Example 1: Capitalizing a Value to Be Compared

Example 2: Comparing %KUPCASE and %QKUPCASE

Syntax

%KUPCASE (character string | text expression)

%QKUPCASE (character string | text expression)

Details

The %KUPCASE and %QKUPCASE functions convert lowercase characters in the argument to uppercase. %KUPCASE does not mask special characters or mnemonic operators in its results.

If the argument contains a special character or mnemonic operator, listed here, use %QKUPCASE. %QKUPCASE masks the following special characters and mnemonic operators in its results:

& % ' " ( ) + − * / < > = ¬ ^ ~ ; , # blank
AND OR NOT EQ NE LE LT GE GT IN

%KUPCASE and %QKUPCASE are useful in comparing values because the macro facility does not automatically convert lowercase characters to uppercase before comparing them.

Examples

Example 1: Capitalizing a Value to Be Compared

In this example, the macro RUNREPT compares a value input for the macro variable MONTH to the string DEC. If the uppercase value of the response is DEC, then PROC FSVIEW runs on the data set REPORTS.ENDYEAR. Otherwise, PROC FSVIEW runs on the data set with the name of the month in the REPORTS data library.

%macro runrept(month);
   %if %kupcase(&month)=DEC %then
       %str(proc fsview data=reports.endyear; run;);
   %else %str(proc fsview data=reports.&month; run;);
%mend runrept;

You can invoke the macro in any of these ways to satisfy the %IF condition:

%runrept(DEC)
%runrept(Dec)
%runrept(dec)

Example 2: Comparing %KUPCASE and %QKUPCASE

These statements show the results produced by %KUPCASE and %QKUPCASE:

%let a=begin;
%let b=%nrstr(&a);
%put KUPCASE produces: %kupcase(&b);
%put QKUPCASE produces: %qkupcase(&b);

When these statements execute, the following is written to the SAS log:

KUPCASE produces: begin
QKUPCASE produces: &A