SAS(R) 9.2 National Language Support (NLS): Reference Guide

Product	Release
Base SAS	9.2

Formats for NLS

Formats for NLS by Category

The following categories relate to NLS issues:

Categories of NLS Formats
Category		Description
BIDI text handling		Instructs SAS to write bidirectional data values from data variables.
Character		Instructs SAS to write character data values from character variables.
Currency Conversion		Instructs SAS to convert an amount from one currency to another currency.
DBCS		Instructs SAS to translate double-byte-character sets that are used in Asian languages.
Hebrew text handling		Instructs SAS to read Hebrew data from data variables.
International Date and Time		Instructs SAS to write data values from variables that represent dates, times, and datetimes.
Numeric		Instructs SAS to write numeric data values from numeric variables.

The following table provides brief descriptions of the SAS formats that are related to NLS. For more detailed descriptions, see the NLS entry for each format.

Summary of NLS Formats by Category
Category	Formats for NLS	Description
BIDI text handling	$BIDIw. Format	Converts between a logically-ordered string and a visually-ordered string, by reversing the order of Hebrew and Arabic characters while preserving the order of Latin words and numbers.
	$LOGVSw. Format	Processes a character string that is in left-to-right-logical order, and then writes the character string in visual order.
	$LOGVSRw. Format	Processes a character string that is in right-to-left-logical order, and then writes the character string in visual order.
	$VSLOGw. Format	Processes a character string that is in visual order, and then writes the character string in left-to-right logical order.
	$VSLOGRw. Format	Processes a character string that is in visual order, and then writes the character string in right-to-left logical order.
Character	$UCS2Bw. Format	Processes a character string that is in the encoding of the current SAS session, and then writes the character string in big-endian, 16-bit, UCS2, Unicode encoding.
	$UCS2BEw. Format	Processes a character string that is in big-endian, 16-bit, UCS2, Unicode encoding, and then writes the character string in the encoding of the current SAS session.
	$UCS2Lw. Format	Processes a character string that is in the encoding of the current SAS session, and then writes the character string in little-endian, 16-bit, UCS2, Unicode encoding.
	$UCS2LEw. Format	Processes a character string that is in little-endian, 16-bit, UCS2, Unicode encoding, and then writes the character string in the encoding of the current SAS session.
	$UCS2Xw. Format	Processes a character string that is in the encoding of the current SAS session, and then writes the character string in native-endian, 16-bit, UCS2, Unicode encoding.
	$UCS2XEw. Format	Processes a character string that is in native-endian, 16-bit, UCS2, Unicode encoding, and then writes the character string in the encoding of the current SAS session.
	$UCS4Bw. Format	Processes a character string that is in the encoding of the current SAS session, and then writes the character string in big-endian, 32-bit, UCS4, Unicode encoding.
	$UCS4BEw. Format	Processes a character string that is in big-endian, 32-bit, UCS4, Unicode encoding, and then writes the character string in the encoding of the current SAS session.
	$UCS4Lw. Format	Processes a character string that is in the encoding of the current SAS session, and then writes the character string in little-endian, 32-bit, UCS4, Unicode encoding.
	$UCS4LEw. Format	Processes a character string that is in little-endian, 32-bit, UCS4, Unicode encoding, and then writes the character string in the encoding of the current SAS session.
	$UCS4Xw. Format	Processes a character string that is in the encoding of the current SAS session, and then writes the character string in native-endian, 32-bit, UCS4, Unicode encoding.
	$UCS4XEw. Format	Processes a character string that is in native-endian, 32-bit, UCS4, Unicode encoding, and then writes the character string in the encoding of the current SAS session.
	$UESCw. Format	Processes a character string that is encoded in the current SAS session, and then writes the character string in Unicode escape (UESC) representation.
	$UESCEw. Format	Processes a character string that is in Unicode escape (UESC) representation, and then writes the character string in the encoding of the current SAS session.
	$UNCRw. Format	Processes a character string that is encoded in the current SAS session, and then writes the character string in numeric character representation (NCR).
	$UNCREw. Format	Processes a character string that is in numeric character representation (NCR), and then writes the character string in the encoding of the current SAS session.
	$UPARENw. Format	Processes a character string that is encoded in the current SAS session, and then writes the character string in Unicode parenthesis (UPAREN) representation.
	$UPARENEw. Format	Processes a character string that is in Unicode parenthesis (UPAREN), and then writes the character string in the encoding of the current SAS session.
	$UTF8Xw. Format	Processes a character string that is in the encoding of the current SAS session, and then writes the character string in universal transformation format (UTF-8) encoding.
Currency Conversion	EURFRATSw.d Format	Converts an amount from Austrian schillings to euros.
	EURFRBEFw.d Format	Converts an amount from Belgian francs to euros.
	EURFRCHFw.d Format	Converts an amount from Swiss francs to euros.
	EURFRCZKw.d Format	Converts an amount from Czech koruny to euros.
	EURFRDEMw.d Format	Converts an amount from Deutsche marks to euros.
	EURFRDKKw.d Format	Converts an amount from Danish kroner to euros.
	EURFRESPw.d Format	Converts an amount from Spanish pesetas to euros.
	EURFRFIMw.d Format	Converts an amount from Finnish markkaa to euros.
	EURFRFRFw.d Format	Converts an amount from French francs to euros.
	EURFRGBPw.d Format	Converts an amount from British pounds to euros.
	EURFRGRDw.d Format	Converts an amount from Greek drachmas to euros.
	EURFRHUFw.d Format	Converts an amount from Hungarian forints to euros.
	EURFRIEPw.d Format	Converts an amount from Irish pounds to euros.
	EURFRITLw.d Format	Converts an amount from Italian lire to euros.
	EURFRLUFw.d Format	Converts an amount from Luxembourg francs to euros.
	EURFRNLGw.d Format	Converts an amount from Dutch guilders to euros.
	EURFRNOKw.d Format	Converts an amount from Norwegian krone to euros.
	EURFRPLZw.d Format	Converts an amount from Polish zlotys to euros.
	EURFRPTEw.d Format	Converts an amount from Portuguese escudos to euros.
	EURFRROLw.d Format	Converts an amount from Romanian lei to euros.
	EURFRRURw.d Format	Converts an amount from Russian rubles to euros.
	EURFRSEKw.d Format	Converts an amount from Swedish kronor to euros.
	EURFRSITw.d Format	Converts an amount from Slovenian tolars to euros.
	EURFRTRLw.d Format	Converts an amount from Turkish liras to euros.
	EURFRYUDw.d Format	Converts an amount from Yugoslavian dinars to euros.
	EURTOATSw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Austrian schillings.
	EURTOBEFw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Belgian francs.
	EURTOCHFw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Swiss francs.
	EURTOCZKw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Czech koruny.
	EURTODEMw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Deutsche marks.
	EURTODKKw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Danish kroner.
	EURTOESPw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Spanish pesetas.
	EURTOFIMw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Finnish markkaa.
	EURTOFRFw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to French francs.
	EURTOGBPw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to British pounds.
	EURTOGRDw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Greek drachmas.
	EURTOHUFw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Hungarian forints.
	EURTOIEPw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Irish pounds.
	EURTOITLw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Italian lire.
	EURTOLUFw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Luxembourg francs.
	EURTONLGw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Dutch guilders.
	EURTONOKw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Norwegian krone.
	EURTOPLZw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Polish zlotys.
	EURTOPTEw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Portuguese escudos.
	EURTOROLw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Romanian lei.
	EURTORURw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Russian rubles.
	EURTOSEKw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Swedish kronor.
	EURTOSITw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Slovenian tolars.
	EURTOTRLw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Turkish liras.
	EURTOYUDw.d Format	Converts an amount from euros to Yugoslavian dinars.
DBCS	$KANJIw. Format	Adds shift-code data to DBCS data.
	$KANJIXw. Format	Removes shift-code data from DBCS data.
Date and Time	EURDFDDw. Format	Writes international date values in the form dd.mm.yy or dd.mm.yyyy.
	EURDFDEw. Format	Writes international date values in the form ddmmmyy or ddmmmyyyy.
	EURDFDNw. Format	Writes international date values as the day of the week.
	EURDFDTw.d Format	Writes international datetime values in the form ddmmmyy:hh:mm:ss.ss or ddmmmyyyy hh:mm:ss.ss.
	EURDFDWNw. Format	Writes international date values as the name of the day.
	EURDFMNw. Format	Writes international date values as the name of the month.
	EURDFMYw. Format	Writes international date values in the form mmmyy or mmmyyyy.
	EURDFWDXw. Format	Writes international date values as the name of the month, the day, and the year in the form dd month-name yy (or yyyy ).
	EURDFWKXw. Format	Writes international date values as the name of the day and date in the form day-of-week, dd month-name yy (or yyyy).
	HDATEw. Format	Writes date values in the form yyyy mmmmm dd where dd is the day-of-the-month, mmmmm represents the month's name in Hebrew, and yyyy is the year.
	HEBDATEw. Format	Writes date values according to the Jewish calendar.
	MINGUOw. Format	Writes date values as Taiwanese dates in the form yyyymmdd .
	NENGOw. Format	Writes date values as Japanese dates in the form e.yymmdd .
	NLDATEw. Format	Converts a SAS date value to the date value of the specified locale, and then writes the date value as a date.
	NLDATEMDw. Format	Converts the SAS date value to the date value of the specified locale, and then writes the value as the name of the month and the day of the month.
	NLDATEMNw. Format	Converts a SAS date value to the date value of the specified locale, and then writes the value as the name of the month.
	NLDATEWw. Format	Converts a SAS date value to the date value of the specified locale, and then writes the value as the date and the day of the week.
	NLDATEWNw. Format	Converts the SAS date value to the date value of the specified locale, and then writes the date value as the day of the week.
	NLDATEYMw. Format	Converts the SAS date value to the date value of the specified locale, and then writes the date value as the year and the name of the month.
	NLDATMw. Format	Converts a SAS datetime value to the datetime value of the specified locale, and then writes the value as a datetime.
	NLDATMAPw. Format	Converts a SAS datetime value to the datetime value of the specified locale, and then writes the value as a datetime with a.m. or p.m.
	NLDATMMDw. Format	Converts the SAS datetime value to the datetime value of the specified locale, and then writes the value as the name of the month and the day of the month.
	NLDATMTMw. Format	Converts the time portion of a SAS datetime value to the time-of-day value of the specified locale, and then writes the value as a time of day.
	NLDATMWw. Format	Converts SAS datetime values to the locale sensitive datetime string as the day of the week and the datetime.
	NLDATMYMw. Format	Converts the SAS datetime value to the datetime value of the specified locale, and then writes the value as the year and the name of the month.
	NLTIMEw. Format	Converts a SAS time value to the time value of the specified locale, and then writes the value as a time value.
	NLTIMAPw. Format	Converts a SAS time value to the time value of a specified locale, and then writes the value as a time value with a.m. or p.m.
	WEEKUw. Format	Writes a week number in decimal format by using the U algorithm.
	WEEKVw. Format	Writes a week number in decimal format by using the V algorithm.
	WEEKWw. Format	Writes a week number in decimal format by using the W algorithm.
	YYWEEKUw. Format	Writes a week number in decimal format by using the U algorithm, excluding day-of-the-week information.
	YYWEEKVw. Format	Writes a week number in decimal format by using the V algorithm, excluding day-of-the-week information.
	YYWEEKWw. Format	Writes a week number in decimal format by using the W algorithm, excluding the day-of-week information.
Hebrew text handling	$CPTDWw. Format	Processes a character string that is in Hebrew text, encoded in IBM-PC (cp862), and then writes the character string in Windows Hebrew encoding (cp 1255).
	$CPTWDw. Format	Processes a character string that is encoded in Windows (cp1255), and then writes the character string in Hebrew DOS (cp862) encoding.
Numeric	EUROw.d Format	Writes numeric values with a leading euro symbol (E), a comma that separates every three digits, and a period that separates the decimal fraction.
	EUROXw.d Format	Writes numeric values with a leading euro symbol (E), a period that separates every three digits, and a comma that separates the decimal fraction.
	NLBESTw. Format	Writes the best numerical notation based on the locale.
	NLMNIAUDw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression for Australia.
	NLMNICADw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression for Canada.
	NLMNICHFw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression for Liechtenstein and Switzerland.
	NLMNICNYw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression for China.
	NLMNIDKKw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for Denmark, Faroe Island and Greenland.
	NLMNIEURw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression for Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia, and Spain.
	NLMNIGBPw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression for the United Kingdom.
	NLMNIHKDw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression for Hong Kong.
	NLMNIILSw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression for Israel.
	NLMNIJPYw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression for Japan.
	NLMNIKRWw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression for South Korea.
	NLMNIMYRw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression for Malaysia.
	NLMNINOKw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression for Norway.
	NLMNINZDw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression for New Zealand.
	NLMNIPLNw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression for Poland.
	NLMNIRUBw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression for Russia.
	NLMNISEKw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression for Sweden.
	NLMNISGDw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression for Singapore.
	NLMNITWDw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression for Taiwan.
	NLMNIUSDw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression for the Caribbean, Puerto Rico and the United States.
	NLMNIZARw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression for South Africa.
	NLMNLAUDw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for Australia.
	NLMNLCADw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for Canada.
	NLMNLCHFw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for Liechtenstein and Switzerland.
	NLMNLCNYw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for China.
	NLMNLDKKw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for Denmark, Faroe Island, and Greenland.
	NLMNLEURw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia, and Spain.
	NLMNLGBPw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for the United Kingdom.
	NLMNLHKDw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for Hong Kong.
	NLMNLILSw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for Israel.
	NLMNLJPYw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for Japan.
	NLMNLKRWw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for South Korea.
	NLMNLMYRw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for Malaysia.
	NLMNLNOKw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for Norway.
	NLMNLNZDw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for New Zealand.
	NLMNLPLNw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for Poland.
	NLMNLRUBw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for Russia.
	NLMNLSEKw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for Sweden.
	NLMNLSGDw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for Singapore.
	NLMNLTWDw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for Taiwan.
	NLMNLUSDw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for the Caribbean, Puerto Rico, and the United States.
	NLMNLZARw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression for South Africa.
	NLMNYw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the local expression in the specified locale using local currency.
	NLMNYIw.d Format	Writes the monetary format of the international expression in the specified locale.
	NLNUMw.d Format	Writes the numeric format of the local expression in the specified locale.
	NLNUMIw.d Format	Writes the numeric format of the international expression in the specified locale.
	NLPCTw.d Format	Writes percentage data of the local expression in the specified locale.
	NLPCTIw.d Format	Writes percentage data of the international expression in the specified locale.
	YENw.d Format	Writes numeric values with yen signs, commas, and decimal points.

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