Step-by-Step Programming with Base SAS(R) Software
Introduction to the SAS System
Getting Your Data into Shape- Introduction to DATA Step Processing
- Starting with Raw Data: The Basics
- Starting with Raw Data: Beyond the Basics
- Introduction to Beyond the Basics with Raw Data
- Testing a Condition before Creating an Observation
- Creating Multiple Observations from a Single Record
- Reading Multiple Records to Create a Single Observation
- Problem Solving: When an Input Record Unexpectedly Does Not Have Enough Values
- Review of SAS Tools
- Learning More
- Starting with SAS Data Sets
- Introduction to Starting with SAS Data Sets
- Understanding the Basics
- Input SAS Data Set for Examples
- Reading Selected Observations
- Reading Selected Variables
- Creating More Than One Data Set in a Single DATA Step
- Using the DROP= and KEEP= Data Set Options for Efficiency
- Review of SAS Tools
- Learning More
- Basic Programming
- Understanding DATA Step Processing
- Working with Numeric Variables
- Working with Character Variables
- Introduction to Working with Character Variables
- Input SAS Data Set for Examples
- Identifying Character Variables and Expressing Character Values
- Setting the Length of Character Variables
- Handling Missing Values
- Creating New Character Values
- Saving Storage Space by Treating Numbers as Characters
- Review of SAS Tools
- Learning More
- Acting on Selected Observations
- Creating Subsets of Observations
- Working with Grouped or Sorted Observations
- Using More Than One Observation in a Calculation
- Finding Shortcuts in Programming
- Working with Dates in the SAS System
- Combining SAS Data Sets
- Understanding Your SAS Session
- Analyzing Your SAS Session with the SAS Log
- Directing SAS Output and the SAS Log
- Introduction to Directing SAS Output and the SAS Log
- Input File and SAS Data Set for Examples
- Routing the Output and the SAS Log with PROC PRINTTO
- Storing the Output and the SAS Log in the SAS Windowing Environment
- Redefining the Default Destination in a Batch or Noninteractive Environment
- Review of SAS Tools
- Learning More
- Diagnosing and Avoiding Errors
- Producing Reports
- Producing Detail Reports with the PRINT Procedure
- Creating Summary Tables with the TABULATE Procedure
- Introduction to Creating Summary Tables with the TABULATE Procedure
- Understanding Summary Table Design
- Understanding the Basics of the TABULATE Procedure
- Input File and SAS Data Set for Examples
- Creating Simple Summary Tables
- Creating More Sophisticated Summary Tables
- Review of SAS Tools
- Learning More
- Creating Detail and Summary Reports with the REPORT Procedure
- Producing Plots and Charts
- Designing Your Own Output
- Writing Lines to the SAS Log or to an Output File
- Understanding and Customizing SAS Output: The Basics
- Introduction to the Basics of Understanding and Customizing SAS Output
- Understanding Output
- Input SAS Data Set for Examples
- Locating Procedure Output
- Making Output Informative
- Controlling Output Appearance
- Controlling the Appearance of Pages
- Representing Missing Values
- Review of SAS Tools
- Learning More
- Customizing SAS Output: The Output Delivery System (ODS)
- Introduction to Customizing SAS Output by Using the Output Delivery System
- Input Data Set for Examples
- Understanding ODS Output Formats and Destinations
- Selecting an Output Format
- Creating Formatted Output
- Selecting the Output That You Want to Format
- Customizing ODS Output
- Storing Links to ODS Output
- Review of SAS Tools
- Learning More
- Storing and Managing Data in SAS Files
- Understanding Your SAS Environment
- Appendix
- Glossary
Index here
| Product | Release |
|---|---|
| Base SAS | 9.2 |
| 9.1.3 | |
| 9.1.2 | |
| 9.1 | |
| 9.0 | |
| 8.2 | |
| 8.01 | |
| 8.00 | |
| 8.0 |
- Type
- Usage and Reference
- Copyright Date
- May 2001
- Last Updated
- 15Apr2008
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| Starting with Raw Data: The Basics |
Examine the Structure of the Raw Data: Factors to Consider
Before you can select the appropriate style of input, examine the structure of the raw data that you want to read. Consider some of the following factors:
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how the data is arranged in the input records (For example, are data fields aligned in columns or unaligned? Are they separated by blanks or by other characters?)
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whether numeric values contain non-numeric characters such as commas
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whether each input record contains data for more than one observation
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whether data for a single observation is spread over multiple input records
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Copyright © 2007 by SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA. All rights reserved.
